Evaluation of HO, H, and bubble temperature in the sonolysis of water and aqueous t-butanol solution under Ar: Effects of solution temperatures and inorganic additives of NaCl and KI.

The yields of HO and H formed in the sonolysis of aqueous solution under noble gas are representative indexes for understanding the chemical effects of ultrasonic cavitation bubbles. In this study, the yields of HO and H formed under Ar were evaluated as a function of the concentration of NaCl or KI. When these yields were analyzed by using a normalization technique, it was confirmed that the yields of H were more clearly related to Ar solubility than those of HO suggesting that H is a more real probe to understand the chemical effects of cavitation bubbles in water.

Penetration of duodenal wall by proximal end of biliary straight plastic stent in a patient with ampullary carcinoma.

A 70-year-old woman presented to our hospital with abdominal discomfort. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an ampullary tumor, while a biopsy revealed a pathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. No distant metastases were observed and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection were planned.

Quantitation and evaluation of NO, NO, and HO in the sonolysis of aqueous NaOH solution under air and air-Ar mixture: Effects of solution temperature, ultrasonic power, and ratio of gas mixture.

When an aqueous solution containing dissolved air is sonicated, HO, HNO, and HNO are formed. This is a result of the formation of active bubbles with extremely high-temperature and high-pressure. The yields of HO, NO, and NO are representative indexes for understanding the chemical effects of ultrasonic cavitation in water.

Safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for pancreatic solid mass in the elderly: A single-center retrospective study.

Aim: There are few reports on the safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in the elderly. In this study, we investigated the safety of EUS-FNA for pancreatic solid masses in patients aged ≥80 years.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study.

Efficacy and Safety of Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy Using Peroral Cholangioscopy under Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Guidance in Older Adults: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

The safety of electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) in older adults remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of EHL using peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) guidance in older adults aged ≥80 years. This retrospective clinical study was conducted at a single center.

Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis After Emphysematous Cholecystitis.

A 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with emphysematous cholecystitis. An open cholecystectomy was performed immediately. After the cholecystectomy, jaundice and multiple bile duct strictures that were not present preoperatively appeared.

Feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy using a 22-gauge needle.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of performing endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy using a 22-gauge fine-needle aspiration needle. This was a single-center retrospective study. Fourteen patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy with a 22-gauge fine-needle aspiration needle were examined.

Successful endoscopic treatment of huge infected biloma and hepatic abscess after endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy with brain abscess.

A 77-year-old woman with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic head tumor was admitted to our hospital for biliary drainage. Transpapillary biliary drainage was attempted using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; however, the catheter could not be inserted into the bile duct. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) was conducted using a 7-Fr plastic stent.

Feasibility of a Single Pigtail Stent Made by Cutting a Nasobiliary Drainage Tube in Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Stenting for Acute Cholecystitis.

Background and objective In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single pigtail stent made by cutting a nasobiliary drainage tube (NBD stent) by comparing the clinical outcomes of using an NBD stent and those of using a ready-made double pigtail stent (RDP stent) in endoscopic gallbladder stenting (EGBS) for acute cholecystitis. Materials and methods This was a single-center retrospective study involving 20 cases that had technical success with EGBS for acute cholecystitis; the patients were divided into two groups: those using NBD stent (NBD group) and those using RDP stent (RDP group). The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Development of a Photometric Method to Measure Molecular Oxygen in Water.

A photometric method to determine molecular oxygen in water was developed. When manganese(II) is oxidized by oxygen under alkaline conditions, the presence of polyphosphate can prevent precipitation due to a coacervate reaction. The oxidized manganese later dissolves in acid to form a pink Mn(III) species, which has a stable UV/vis spectrum.

Sonochemical degradation of surfactants with different charge types: Effect of the critical micelle concentration in the interfacial region of the cavity.

Ionic surfactants tend to accumulate in the interfacial region of ultrasonic cavitation bubbles (cavities) because of their surface active properties and because they are difficult to evaporate in cavitation bubbles owing to their extremely low volatilities. Hence, sonolysis of ionic surfactants is expected to occur in the interfacial region of the cavity. In this study, we performed sonochemical degradation of surfactants with different charge types: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, and nonionic.

Mechanism for sonochemical reduction of Au(III) in aqueous butanol solution under Ar based on the analysis of gaseous and water-soluble products.

When an aqueous Au(III) solution containing 1-butanol was sonicated under Ar, Au(III) was reduced to Au(0) to form Au particles. This is because various reducing species are formed during sonication, but the reactivity of these species has not yet been evaluated in detail. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the effects of Au(III) on the rates of the formation of gaseous and water-soluble compounds (CH, CH, CH, CH, CO, CO, H, HO, and aldehydes), and the rate of Au(III) reduction as a function of 1-butanol concentration.

Synthesis of Au nanorods via autocatalytic growth of Au seeds formed by sonochemical reduction of Au(I): Relation between formation rate and characteristic of Au nanorods.

The sonochemical formation of Au seeds and their autocatalytic growth to Au nanorods were investigated in a one-pot as a function of concentration of HAuCl, AgNO, and ascorbic acid (AA). The effects of ultrasonic power and irradiation time were also investigated. In addition, the formation rate of Au nanorods was analyzed by monitoring the extinction at 400 nm by UV-Vis spectroscopy and compared with the growth behavior of Au seeds to nanorods.

Ultrasound Assisted Cascade Extraction of Oil, Vitamin E, and Saccharides from Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Seeds.

Roselle seeds, a waste biomass of the roselle calyx processing industry, were utilized to recover valuable compounds of oil, vitamin E, and water-soluble saccharides. Firstly, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and conventional stirring extraction were conducted for saccharide extraction, and the advantage of UAE was confirmed. Secondly, oil, vitamin E, and saccharides extracted from Vietnamese roselle seeds by UAE were analyzed for the first time.

Facile photo-ultrasonic assisted synthesis of flower-like Pt/N-MoS microsphere as an efficient sonophotocatalyst for nitrogen fixation.

Semiconductor photocatalytic technology is a sustainable and less energy consuming one for nitrogen (N) reduction to produce ammonia (NH). In this study, flower-like hierarchical N doped MoS (N-MoS) microsphere was synthesized as a photocatalyst by one-step solvothermal method, which was assembled by numerous interleaving nanosheets petals with thin thickness. Besides, Pt nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of N-MoS via photo-ultrasonic reduction method.

Experimentally obtained and computer-simulated X-ray non-coplanar 18-beam pinhole topographs for a silicon crystal.

Non-coplanar 18-beam X-ray pinhole topographs for a silicon crystal were computer simulated by fast Fourier transforming the X-ray rocking amplitudes that were obtained by solving the n-beam (n = 18) Ewald-Laue dynamical theory (E-L&FFT method). They were in good agreement with the experimentally obtained images captured using synchrotron X-rays. From this result and further consideration based on it, it has been clarified that the X-ray diffraction intensities when n X-ray waves are simultaneously strong in the crystal can be computed for any n by using the E-L&FFT method.

Experimentally obtained and computer-simulated X-ray asymmetric eight-beam pinhole topographs for a silicon crystal.

In this study, experimentally obtained eight-beam pinhole topographs for a silicon crystal using synchrotron X-rays were compared with computer-simulated images, and were found to be in good agreement. The experiment was performed with an asymmetric all-Laue geometry. However, the X-rays exited from both the bottom and side surfaces of the crystal.

Facile photo-ultrasonic assisted reduction for preparation of rGO/AgCO nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity for tetracycline.

Various antibiotics in the aquatic systems have threat the aquatic ecosystem balance and the human health. In this study, a degradation treatment method for tetracycline (TC), one of the commonly used antibiotics, was explored by using novel photocatalysts of rGO/AgCO under simulated sunlight, because conventional treatment methods are not efficient on the removal of TC. rGO/AgCO nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile photo-ultrasonic assisted reduction method.

Screening of fatty acids, saccharides, and phytochemicals in Jatropha curcas seed kernel as their trimethylsilyl derivatives using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose plant, of which the seed kernel oil (up to 60% content) has been exploited for BDF production. In this report, we explored the various kinds of minor compounds of saccharides, phytochemicals, fatty acids (FAs), and amino acids in the seed kernel using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) as their trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The homogenized seed kernels were extracted with methanol, and the extract was distributed into ethyl acetate/water phase.

Unexpected bioprosthetic mitral valve thrombus during left ventricular assist device implantation.

Acute bioprosthetic valve thrombosis can occur after surgery and sometimes cause hemodynamic instability and cardiogenic shock. Risk factors for bioprosthetic valve thrombosis are hypercoagulability, atrial fibrillation, atrial dilatation, low cardiac function, and lack of anticoagulation therapy. The authors present a case of severe mitral stenosis due to bioprosthetic valve thrombus.

Choice of desflurane or propofol for the maintenance of general anesthesia does not affect the risk of periprocedural myocardial damage in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Purpose: This study aimed to reveal whether the occurrence of periprocedural myocardial damage (PMD) decreases in patients who received volatile anesthetics to maintain general anesthesia compared with those who received propofol during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods: We included one hundred and forty adult patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI under general anesthesia from January 2015 to March 2017 in this single-center retrospective review. We compared the rate of patients who developed PMD between those who received desflurane (Group D, n = 72) and propofol (Group P, n = 68) for anesthetic maintenance.

Sonochemistry of aqueous NaAuCl solutions with C3-C6 alcohols under a noble gas atmosphere.

The effect of the type of C3-C6 alcohol, solution temperature, and dissolved gas on the rate of Au(III) reduction was investigated in NaAuCl aqueous alcohol solution with a 200-kHz ultrasound irradiation system. It was confirmed in the presence of C3-C6 alcohol that more highly hydrophobic alcohols more effectively accumulated at the argon bubble interface region, and the reducing radicals formed here. To avoid changes in the bubble temperature during collapsing bubble, the effects of the solution temperature on the rate of Au(III) reduction and on the rate of formation of the gaseous compounds (CO, CO, CH, CH, CH, CH) were investigated in the presence of low concentration (1.