Histological assessment of cortical bone changes in diabetic rats.

Background: Diabetes mellitus weakens bone strength due to deterioration of bone quality; however, the histological mechanisms are still unknown. We hypothesized that histological assessment of cortical bone would enable us to determine the cause of the bone strength reduction associated with diabetes mellitus. Our aim was to evaluate the histomorphometric changes of cortical bone associated with deterioration of intrinsic bone properties and bone quality in diabetes mellitus.

Effect of quantitative partial valgus stress during baseball pitching on ball velocity and subjective pitch-effort.

Background: Excessive elbow valgus stress can often cause pitching elbow injuries, and rehabilitation is usually required before an athlete can resume playing. However, there is a lack of information on the partial load rehabilitation of pitching elbow injuries caused by valgus extension overload based on elbow valgus stress. The purpose of this study was to clarify how quantitative partial elbow valgus stress while pitching affects ball velocity and subjective pitch-effort.

Sweep imaging with Fourier transform as a tool with MRI for evaluating the effect of teriparatide on cortical bone formation in an ovariectomized rat model.

Background: Teriparatide (TPTD) is a drug for osteoporosis that promotes bone formation and improves bone quality. However, the effects of TPTD on cortical bone are not well understood. Sweep imaging with Fourier transform (SWIFT) has been reported as a useful tool for evaluating bound water of cortical bone, but it has yet to be used to investigate the effects of TPTD on cortical bone.

Healing Effect of Subcutaneous Administration of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on Acute Rotator Cuff Injury in a Rat Model.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that mobilizes bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to peripheral blood and has been clinically used to treat neutropenia. Previously, we reported that BMDCs migrated into the rotator cuff repair site via peripheral blood in the healing process. However, techniques to accelerate the healing process using the peripheral blood pathway have not been established.

Cryptococcal Osteomyelitis of the Entire Humerus: A Case Report.

Case: We describe a case of cryptococcal osteomyelitis in a 70-year-old man who presented with left elbow and shoulder pain. Subsequent imaging indicated osteomyelitis of the entire humerus, and he underwent debridement of the elbow and shoulder. Pathological findings revealed Cryptococcus neoformans infection.

Status of growth plates can be monitored by MRI.

Background: Growth plate injuries and disorders cause premature closure, resulting in shortened or deformed limbs. Quantitative assessment by MRI might monitor the status of the growth plate and may assist in the prediction of these deformations.

Purpose: To investigate whether the status of the growth plate can be monitored by quantitative evaluation using MRI of the noninjured region of the growth plate in a physeal injury model.

Transiently proliferating perivascular microglia harbor M1 type and precede cerebrovascular changes in a chronic hypertension model.

Background: Microglia play crucial roles in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Activated microglia show a biphasic influence, promoting beneficial repair and causing harmful damage via M2 and M1 microglia, respectively. It is well-known that microglia are initially activated to the M2 state and subsequently switch to the M1 state, called M2-to-M1 class switching in acute ischemic models.

Early detection of osteoarthritis in rabbits using MRI with a double-contrast agent.

Background: Articular cartilage degeneration has been evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, this method has several problems, including its time-consuming nature and the requirement of a high magnetic field or specialized hardware. The purpose of this study was to sequentially assess early degenerative changes in rabbit knee articular cartilage using MRI with a new double-contrast agent.

Sequential variation in brain functional magnetic resonance imaging after peripheral nerve injury: A rat study.

Although treatment protocols are available, patients experience both acute neuropathic pain and chronic neuropathic pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia after peripheral nerve injury. The purpose of this study was to identify the brain regions activated after peripheral nerve injury using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequentially and assess the relevance of the imaging results using histological findings. To model peripheral nerve injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats, the right sciatic nerve was crushed using an aneurysm clip, under general anesthesia.

Usefulness of Sweep Imaging With Fourier Transform for Evaluation of Cortical Bone in Diabetic Rats.

Background: Diabetes decreases bone strength, possibly because of cortical bone changes. Sweep imaging with Fourier transform (SWIFT) has been reported to be useful for cortical bone evaluation.

Purpose: To evaluate cortical bone changes in diabetic rats using SWIFT, assess the usefulness of this technique through comparisons with microcomputed tomography (μCT) and conventional MRI, and clarify the mechanism underlying cortical bone changes using histomorphometry STUDY TYPE: Animal cohort.

Investigation of the Longitudinal Relaxation Time of Rat Tibial Cortical Bone Using SWIFT.

Sweep imaging with Fourier transform (SWIFT) method has been developed to image tissues with very short T values, such as cortical bone. The purpose of this study was to measure the T value of the rat cortical bone. It was approximately 120 ms on 7.