A Systematic Review of Yellow Fever Outbreaks and Public Health Responses in Nigeria.

Background: Yellow fever (YF) outbreaks continue to occur in Nigeria with a high mortality rate despite a well-established mode of transmission and the availability of a potent vaccine. This review is aimed at describing the epidemiology, determinants, and public health responses of yellow fever outbreaks in Nigeria from 1864 to 2020.

Methodology: The guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) were used to conduct the review from November 2020 to April 2021.

Knowledge, Misperceptions, Preparedness, and Barriers towards Lassa Fever Control among Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Institution in Enugu, Nigeria.

Background: Lassa fever outbreaks are common in Nigeria. The study aimed to assess knowledge, misperception, preparedness and barriers towards Lassa fever among health care workers (HCWs) in a tertiary hospital in Enugu.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among 400 HCWs of a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria.

Knowledge, attitude, willingness of HIV counseling and testing and factors associated with it, among long distant drivers in Enugu, Nigeria: an opportunity in reduction of HIV prevalence.

Background: Long distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have been one of the key forces in the spread of HIV/AIDS across the African continent.

Objective: We set out to assess the knowledge of HIV transmission route, preventive measures, attitude to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), willingness and factors associated with willingness to screen for HIV among long distance truck drivers in Enugu, Nigeria.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study of 500 long distance truck drivers aged 19-65 years.

Rural-urban differences in health-seeking for the treatment of childhood malaria in south-east Nigeria.

Objectives: To identify the differences in health-seeking for childhood malaria treatment, between urban and rural communities in Nigeria, with a view to providing information to policy makers that will be used to improve malaria control.

Methods: Quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed in eliciting information. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to 1200 caretakers of children under 5 years who had malaria 2 weeks prior to the survey period.

Improving malaria recognition, treatment and referral practices by training caretakers in rural Nigeria.

A caretaker training programme was carried out in Ugwuogo-Nike, a rural area in south-east Nigeria, based on formative research within the community. A training of trainers workshop was organized for 30 leaders of women groups who subsequently trained other mothers in their group. Community information activities, which lasted for a period of eight months, included the use of posters, drama group and jingles.

Improving childhood malaria treatment and referral practices by training patent medicine vendors in rural south-east Nigeria.

Background: Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years of age in Nigeria. Most of the early treatments for fever and malaria occur through self-medication with anti-malarials bought over-the-counter (OTC) from untrained drug vendors. Self-medication through drug vendors can be ineffective, with increased risks of drug toxicity and development of drug resistance.

An in-depth study of patent medicine sellers' perspectives on malaria in a rural Nigerian community.

Background: Malaria remains a major cause of mortality among under five children in Nigeria. Most of the early treatments for fever and malaria occur through self-medication with antimalarial drugs bought from medicine sellers. These have led to increasing calls for interventions to improve treatment obtained in these outlets.