Correlation of progesterone receptors and P63 to the histological grade of meningiomas: Review and significance in an African population.

Objectives: Meningiomas, a common neoplasm of the central nervous system, is a widely studied meningeal tumor. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 classification of meningiomas, there are 15 subtypes that have been grouped into grades 1, 2, and 3. The WHO grade 1 meningiomas are generally grouped as benign while the WHO grades 2 and 3 tumors are grouped as malignant.

Predictive and prognostic relevance of immunohistochemical testing of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer in South East Nigeria: A review of 417 cases.

ER/PgR testing are now routinely performed in breast cancer evaluation in Southeastern Nigeria. ER is predictive to show beneficiaries of hormonal therapy and a prognostic marker to establish tumors that will resist paclitaxel induced apoptosis so a cost effective combination of anthracylines can be used as treatment in our low resource setting thus improving survival, reducing recurrence, and cost. Four hundred seventeen cases of breast cancer seen over a period of 3 years were routinely tested for ER/PgR.

Improving the diagnostic recognition of thoracic endometriosis: Spotlight on a new histo-morphological indicator.

The diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis (TE) is challenging, hence resulting in under-diagnosis as well as long delays before arriving at a correct definitive diagnosis. Our aim is to review the histopathological findings in TE, summarise the diagnostic features, identify any major histo-morphological indicator(s) hitherto unrecognised as such, suggest diagnostic criteria; all with the aim of improving the diagnostic capacity and reducing observer error even where the clinical suspicion is low. A case-control study in which a search in the pathology archives of a referral hospital over a 10-year period was conducted.

Pott's disease with extensive bilateral psoas abscesses in a Nigerian woman: an unusual case.

Bilateral psoas abscesses are uncommon in Pott's disease. We describe a 28-year-old Nigerian woman with a 2-year history of constitutional symptoms and a 1-year history of bilateral paravertebral masses. She had received anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment in an interrupted manner.

Primary cutaneous malignancies in nonalbino and albino Africans.

Background: The pigmented skin of black Africans has been credited with reduction in risk of skin cancer. African albinos have inherited defects in skin melanin deposition, which predisposes them to ultraviolet radiation-induced cutaneous carcinogenesis. We compared the manifestation of skin cancers between albino and nonalbino Africans aiming to describe the effect of pigmentation or lack of it on the epidemiological characteristics of skin cancer in Africans.

Thoracic endometriosis syndrome in Nigeria: a single-centre experience.

Objectives: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is the presence of functional endometrial tissue in or around the lung. There seem to be differences in the clinical presentation of this condition among Nigerian patients. We aim to study the clinical presentation and management outcome of TES in our centre.

Wilms tumor in Africa: A systematic review of management challenges and outcome in two decades (2000-2019).

We performed a systematic review to highlight trends in management and outcome of Wilms tumor (WT) in Africa in the past two decades (2000-2019). Twenty-seven studies involving 2250 patients were analyzed. Overall, barring regional variations, 57.

Pediatric brain tumor care in a Sub-Saharan setting: current poise of a precariously loaded dice.

Objective: To evaluate the current status of pediatric brain tumor (PBT) care and identify determinants and profiles of survival and school attendance.

Methods: An 8-year institution-based prospective longitudinal study. All cases investigated with neuroimaging and treated were enrolled.

Methodology for processing mastectomy and cryopreservation of breast cancer tissue in a resource- poor setting: A pilot study.

Background: There is scarcity of breast cancer tissues derived from women of African origin available for patient - derived xenograft and organoid models.

Objective: We aim to create a versatile protocol for processing mastectomy and cryopreservation of breast cancer tissue.

Methodology: An immediate collection of breast cancer tissue from mastectomy was bathed in 4 °C HBSS and immediately transferred to 4 °C RPMI1640 containing HEPES, 10% FBS, Streptomycin and Penicillin.

Generalized lymphadenopathy: an unusual presentation of burkitt lymphoma in a Nigerian child: a case report.

Introduction: Burkitt Lymphoma is the fastest growing tumor in human and the commonest of the childhood malignancies. Generalized lymphadenopathy is a common feature of immunodeficiency associated Burkitt lymphoma but an uncommon presentation of the endemic type in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) negative children.

Case Presentation: The authors report a 6 year old HIV negative boy who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy, cough, weight loss, fever and drenching night sweat and had received native medication as well as treatment in private hospitals.

Correction to: Chronic toxicity of low dose monosodium glutamate in albino Wistar rats.

The original article [1] mistakenly omits mention of grant funding which partially funded the work undertaken in this article. The authors sincerely apologise for this omission and would like to acknowledge this funding source in this correction article as per the below information.

Continuing barriers to care of Wilms tumor in a low-income country.

Background/objective: This study evaluates the outcome of Wilms tumor (WT) following introduction of multidisciplinary team management and patient treatment stratification by tumor histology in two referral centers in southeastern Nigeria.

Methods: We analyzed histologically confirmed WT cases managed from January 2008 to June 2017.

Results: There were 45 patients, peak age incidence of 2 to 5 years who presented after mean symptom duration of 4.

Renal Angiomyolipoma in Pregnancy: Surgical Management with Fetal Preservation - Approach in a Developing Setting.

Renal angiomyolipomas (RAML) are uncommon benign renal tumours that are associated with a tendency to rupture resulting in sometimes-torrential retroperitoneal hemorrhage as the Wunderlich syndrome or as severe potentially exsanguinating hematuria. When hemorrhage from RAML occurs in pregnancy it presents a unique challenge requiring timely and appropriately adapted intervention with the goal of preventing fatality, preserving renal function as well as preventing fetal loss if possible. We report the management of severe bleeding from RAML in pregnancy and highlight the need to adopt a management strategy that suits the practice environment and offers the patient standard and enduring care.

High degree of duodenal inflammation in Nigerians with functional dyspepsia.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a heterogeneous disorder associated with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms, including immune activation and low-grade mucosal inflammation. Genetic factors, physiological functions, and environmental factors may determine the relative importance of various pathophysiological mechanisms. This study was designed to determine the histological alterations in the duodenal mucosa of Nigerian patients with FD.

Phaeochromocytoma in a 20-year-old Nigerian, resolving the dilemma of benignity or malignancy.

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors that present a diagnostic challenge in developing countries. They occur in the adrenal gland and as paragangliomas along the sympathetic chain. Clinical features are usually those of sustained or paroxysmal hypertension and complications thereof.

Esophageal Intraepithelial Neutrophil Infiltration is Common in Nigerian Patients With Non-Erosive Reflux Disease.

Background: Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is a variant of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in which patients with typical reflux symptoms have no evidence of erosive esophagitis at endoscopy. An objective diagnostic tool for NERD remains an unmet need for clinicians and researchers. This study was designed to determine the types of histological alterations seen in Nigerian patients with NERD.

Familial adenomatous polyposis with synchronous invasive colonic carcinomas and metastatic jejunal adenocarcinoma in a Nigerian male.

Familial adenomatous polyposis is rare. Three cases were previously reported in Nigeria. An intriguing feature of this case is an ulcerated jejunal carcinoma which was metastatic rather than synchronous carcinoma.

Paratesticular myxoid liposarcoma in a 23-year old Nigerian.

Paratesticular liposarcomas are rare tumors and are usually seen in patients in middle age or older. Optimal treatment is radical orchidectomy. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy is added for advanced disease or recurrences.

Relatively Long Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting With Carcinoid Syndrome.

Hepatocelluar carcinoma is one of the commonest cancers in Nigeria. Some patients may manifest a variety of paraneoplastic syndromes. Carcinoid syndrome is an extremely rare presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma.