Genetic and epidemiological analysis of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in three Japanese university hospitals.

Introduction: We aimed to clarify the genetic background and molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) at three geographically separated university hospitals in Japan.

Methods: From January 2014 to December 2016, 118 ESBL-producing K.

therapy restores the decreased efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in lung cancer patients receiving proton pump inhibitors.

Oral microbiota is associated with human diseases including cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which allow the oral microbiome to translocate into the gut, negatively influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer patients. However, currently there is no effective treatment that restores the decreased efficacy.

Postoperative early and proactive grip strength training program for distal radius fractures promotes earlier recovery of grip strength: A retrospective study.

The use of volar locking plates (VLPs) for distal radius fractures has remarkably improved clinical outcomes; however, there are some reports of delayed recovery of grip strength. Since January 2019, we have been conducting an early and proactive grip strength training program (EGTP). In this program, 20 minutes of grip strength training-using a gripper with a load of 0.

Associations of public open space attributes with active and sedentary behaviors in dense urban areas: A systematic review of observational studies.

In the context of rapid urbanization, public open spaces in dense urban areas are critical built environment elements to support active lifestyles. Several reviews have explored the associations of public open space attributes with physically active and sedentary behavior. However, few reviews have included studies from Asia, and no studies have focused on dense urban areas.

Bilateral Gluteal Fasciocutaneous Advancement Flaps With and Without Tie-Over Sutures in Treatment of Chronic Pilonidal Disease: A Prospective Case Series.

Purpose: Flap procedures following pilonidal excision have high recurrence and dehiscence rates. We present a cosmetic, outpatient technique to reconstruction via bilateral gluteal fasciocutaneous advancement flaps with and without tie-over sutures.

Methods: This is a prospective case series of 51 patients (40 males and 11 females).

The Design Challenges for Dog Ownership and Dog Walking in Dense Urban Areas: The Case of Japan.

There has been growing interest in the role of pet ownership, particularly dog ownership, in managing noncommunicable diseases. The built environment can act as a facilitator or barrier to owning a dog or dog walking. Nevertheless, limited studies conducted in different geographical contexts have examined how the built environment can influence dog ownership and dog walking.

Profile of dorsal root ganglion neurons: study of oxytocin expression.

Although dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons have been so far classified according to the difference in their fibers (Aβ, Aδ, and C), this classification should be further subdivided according to gene expression patterns. We focused on oxytocin (OXT) and its related receptors, because OXT plays a local role in DRG neurons. We measured the mRNA levels of OXT, OXT receptor (OXTR), vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), and piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 (Piezo2) in single DRG neurons by using real-time PCR, and then performed a cluster analysis.

Porous Organic Salts: Diversifying Void Structures and Environments.

Porous organic salts (POSs) are porous organic materials, in which various aromatic sulfonic acids and amines are regularly self-assembled by charge-assisted hydrogen bonding. POSs exhibit high solubility in highly polar solvents. Therefore, they are prepared via facile recrystallization and exhibit high recyclability.

Aberrant right subclavian artery with right type 1 proatlantal artery and segmental dysplasia of the right internal carotid artery: a case report.

Purpose: We present a case of an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) with extremely rare vascular anomalies.

Case Report: A 69-year-old woman was suspected to have right internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated an ARSA and hypoplasia of the right ICA.

Cat scratch disease without a history of cat exposure.

A patient complaining of swelling and tenderness in her left axilla was diagnosed with cat scratch disease despite no apparent history of cat exposure. Zoonosis can occur even in the absence of cat exposure because cat flea is also the vector of the pathogen through the flea feces.

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections in Japan.

Objectives: The dissemination of difficult-to-treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is of great concern. We clarified the risk factors underlying CRE infection mortality in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of patients with CRE infections at 28 university hospitals from September 2014 to December 2016, using the Japanese National Surveillance criteria.

Resistance to chemical carcinogenesis induction via a dampened inflammatory response in naked mole-rats.

Naked mole-rats (NMRs) have a very low spontaneous carcinogenesis rate, which has prompted studies on the responsible mechanisms to provide clues for human cancer prevention. However, it remains unknown whether and how NMR tissues respond to experimental carcinogenesis induction. Here, we show that NMRs exhibit extraordinary resistance against potent chemical carcinogenesis induction through a dampened inflammatory response.

The combination of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness, and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older men: WASEDA'S Health Study.

Background: Although the negative relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) or muscular fitness and diabetes mellitus were respectively observed in many previous studies, there is still a lack of studies that include CRF and muscular fitness simultaneously. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the combination of CRF and muscular fitness and diabetes through a cross-sectional study.  METHODS: This study was part of WASEDA'S Health Study, a cohort study launched in 2014.

Psychological inflexibility and physical disability in older patients with chronic low back pain and knee pain.

This study examined the associations between psychological inflexibility (PI) and physical disability (PD) among older patients with chronic low back and knee pain. Pain avoidance and cognitive fusion were assessed in outpatients as components of PI and PD, and sociodemographic and pain-related variables were used as covariates. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used.

Domain-Specific Sedentary Behaviour and Health-Related Quality of Life by Age among Japanese Living in Malaysia.

Background: Recently, the number of Japanese people living in Asia has increased. A previous study suggested that obesity and overweight are growing health problems both in Malaysia and worldwide that result from lifestyle changes such as a decrease in physical activity, an increase in sedentary behaviour, and poor eating habits.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of differences in social demographic factors and domain-specific sedentary behaviour and health-related quality of life by age in Japanese living overseas.

Difficulties in diagnosing Malassezia furfur bloodstream infection and possibility of spontaneous resolution in a patient undergoing chemotherapy for neuroblastoma: A case report.

Malassezia furfur is a lipophilic, yeast-like fungus that forms part of the normal human skin microflora and is associated with a wide range of infections, such as pityriasis versicolor, folliculitis, and systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry has enabled rapid identification of Malassezia species, it is still a challenge to diagnose systemic infections because Malassezia fungemia can often be missed by automated blood culture systems. We report a case in which M.

Robotic colorectal procedures: does operative start time impact short-term outcome?

Background: Previous publications revealed more complications in afternoon versus morning surgeries. With much attention given to robotic surgery outcomes, we sought to evaluate whether morning versus afternoon start time matters.

Methods: In a retrospective review of a prospective database, 210 robotic colorectal surgeries were grouped into 97 morning versus 113 afternoon cases.

Addition of a Vascular Bundle Accelerates Bone Union in Femoral Bone Defects.

Background:  The Masquelet method has become increasingly popular for the treatment of bone defects in recent years. In this method, an induced membrane (IM) with abundant blood circulation, stem cells, and osteogenesis-promoting factors is formed by implanting bone cement during the first surgery. This IM stimulates bone formation in the bone defect after implantation of the bone graft during the second surgery.

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without live bacterial supplementation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial.

Previous studies have suggested that the gut microbiome influences the response to checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) in patients with cancer. CBM588 is a bifidogenic live bacterial product that we postulated could augment CPI response through modulation of the gut microbiome. In this open-label, single-center study (NCT03829111), 30 treatment-naive patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with clear cell and/or sarcomatoid histology and intermediate- or poor-risk disease were randomized 2:1 to receive nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without daily oral CBM588, respectively.