enhancement of CD8+ T cell activity using functionalized hydrogel encapsulating tonsil-derived lymphatic endothelial cells.

This study investigates a method for programming immune cells using a biomaterial-based system, providing an alternative to traditional cell manipulation techniques. It addresses the limitations of engineered adoptive T cell therapies, such as T cell exhaustion, by introducing a gelatin-hyaluronic acid (GH-GMA) hydrogel system. We characterized tonsil mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs), lymphatic endothelial cells (T-LECs), stimulated T-CD8 T cells (STCs), and GH-GMA biomaterials.

Transcriptomic Changes in Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Across Culture Passages.

Background/objectives: Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) are in the limelight in regenerative medicine due to their high proliferation and differentiation potential. It is important to conduct studies to determine the optimal conditions for achieving the maximum yield while maintaining the optimal differentiation capacity of TMSCs.

Methods: This study explores the impact of serial subculture on TMSCs by analyzing gene expression at passages 2, 4, 6, and 8.

Hybrid 3D bioprinting for advanced tissue-engineered trachea: merging fused deposition modeling (FDM) and top-down digital light processing (DLP).

In this present study, we introduce an innovative hybrid 3D bioprinting methodology that integrates fused deposition modeling (FDM) with top-down digital light processing (DLP) for the fabrication of an artificial trachea. Initially, polycaprolactone (PCL) was incorporated using an FDM 3D printer to provide essential mechanical support, replicating the structure of tracheal cartilage. Subsequently, a chondrocyte-laden glycidyl methacrylated silk fibroin hydrogel was introduced via top-down DLP into the PCL scaffold (PCL-Sil scaffold).

Highly conductive, stretchable, and biocompatible graphene oxide biocomposite hydrogel for advanced tissue engineering.

The importance of hydrogels in tissue engineering cannot be overemphasized due to their resemblance to the native extracellular matrix. However, natural hydrogels with satisfactory biocompatibility exhibit poor mechanical behavior, which hampers their application in stress-bearing soft tissue engineering. Here, we describe the fabrication of a double methacrylated gelatin bioink covalently linked to graphene oxide (GO) via a zero-length crosslinker, digitally light-processed (DLP) printable into 3D complex structures with high fidelity.

A digital light processing 3D-printed artificial skin model and full-thickness wound models using silk fibroin bioink.

A three-dimensional (3D) artificial skin model offers diverse platforms for skin transplantation, disease mechanisms, and biomaterial testing for skin tissue. However, implementing physiological complexes such as the neurovascular system with living cells in this stratified structure is extremely difficult. In this study, full-thickness skin models were fabricated from methacrylated silk fibroin (Silk-GMA) and gelatin (Gel-GMA) seeded with keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells representing the epidermis and dermis layers through a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer.

Fluidic integrated 3D bioprinting system to sustain cell viability towards larynx fabrication.

Herein, we report the first study to create a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted artificial larynx for whole-laryngeal replacement. Our 3D bio-printed larynx was generated using extrusion-based 3D bioprinter with rabbit's chondrocyte-laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/glycidyl-methacrylated hyaluronic acid (GMHA) hybrid bioink. We used a polycaprolactone (PCL) outer framework incorporated with pores to achieve the structural strength of printed constructs, as well as to provide a suitable microenvironment to support printed cells.

Three-Dimensional Digital Light-Processing Bioprinting Using Silk Fibroin-Based Bio-Ink: Recent Advancements in Biomedical Applications.

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been developed as a viable method for fabricating functional tissues and organs by precisely spatially arranging biomaterials, cells, and biochemical components in a layer-by-layer fashion. Among the various bioprinting strategies, digital light-processing (DLP) printing has gained enormous attention due to its applications in tissue engineering and biomedical fields. It allows for high spatial resolution and the rapid printing of complex structures.

Functional Skeletal Muscle Regeneration Using Muscle Mimetic Tissue Fabricated by Microvalve-Assisted Coaxial 3D Bioprinting.

3D-printed artificial skeletal muscle, which mimics the structural and functional characteristics of native skeletal muscle, is a promising treatment method for muscle reconstruction. Although various fabrication techniques for skeletal muscle using 3D bio-printers are studied, it is still challenging to build a functional muscle structure. A strategy using microvalve-assisted coaxial 3D bioprinting in consideration of functional skeletal muscle fabrication is reported.

Is it worthy to perform total pancreatectomy considering morbidity and mortality?: Experience from a high-volume single center.

Total pancreatectomy (TP) is performed for diseases of the entire pancreas. However, reluctance remains regarding TP because of the fear of high morbidity and mortality. Our retrospective study aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of TP performed at a high-volume single center and to identify the risk factors associated with major morbidities and mortality after TP.

Intraoperative Positive Pancreatic Parenchymal Resection Margin: Is It a True Indication of Completion Total Pancreatectomy after Partial Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma?

Background: Total pancreatectomy (TP) can be performed in cases with positive resection margin after partial pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer. However, despite complete removal of the residual pancreatic parenchyme, it is questionable whether an actual R0 resection and favorable survival can be achieved. This study aimed to identify the R0 resection rate and postoperative outcomes, including survival, following completion TP (cTP) performed due to intraoperative positive margin.

Surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of distal common bile duct adenocarcinoma: chronological analysis in a single high-volume institutional experience.

Background: Distal common bile duct (dCBD) cancer is typical indication for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We aimed to retrospectively evaluate surgical outcomes and investigate prognostic factors of dCBD adenocarcinoma for which PD was performed at a single institution.

Methods: We searched consecutive cases of dCBD adenocarcinoma undergone PD at Samsung Medical Center from 1995 to 2018.

Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials for Hemostatic Applications.

Hemostasis plays an essential role in all surgical procedures. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the primary cause of death during surgeries, and effective blood loss control can significantly reduce mortality. For modern surgeons to select the right agent at the right time, they must understand the mechanisms of action, the effectiveness, and the possible adverse effects of each agent.

Biocompatible fluorescent silk fibroin bioink for digital light processing 3D printing.

Chemically modified silk fibroin (SF) bioink has been used for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting in tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and printability. Also, fluorescent silk fibroin (FSF) from transgenic silkworms has been recently applied in biomedicine because of its fluorescence property. However, the fabrication of fluorescent hydrogel from FSF has not been elucidated.

External validation of risk prediction platforms for pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy using nomograms and artificial intelligence.

Purpose: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a life-threatening complication following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). We previously developed nomogram- and artificial intelligence (AI)-based risk prediction platforms for POPF after PD. This study aims to externally validate these platforms.

Treatment of Fungal-Infected Diabetic Wounds with Low Temperature Plasma.

Diabetes mellitus renders patients susceptible to chronic wounds and various infections. Regarding the latter, fungal infections are of particular concern since, although they are the source of significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, they are generally resistant to conventional treatment and a definite treatment strategy has not yet been established. Herein, we report the treatment of skin wounds in a diabetic rat model, infected by , with low temperature helium plasma generated in a hand-held atmospheric jet device.

3D bioprinted silk fibroin hydrogels for tissue engineering.

The development of biocompatible and precisely printable bioink addresses the growing demand for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting applications in the field of tissue engineering. We developed a methacrylated photocurable silk fibroin (SF) bioink for digital light processing 3D bioprinting to generate structures with high mechanical stability and biocompatibility for tissue engineering applications. Procedure 1 describes the synthesis of photocurable methacrylated SF bioink, which takes 2 weeks to complete.

A digital light processing 3D printed magnetic bioreactor system using silk magnetic bioink.

Among various bioreactors used in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, a magnetic bioreactor is more capable of providing steady force to the cells while avoiding direct manipulation of the materials. However, most of them are complex and difficult to fabricate, with drawbacks in terms of consistency and biocompatibility. In this study, a magnetic bioreactor system and a magnetic hydrogel were manufactured by single-stage three-dimensional (3D) printing with digital light processing (DLP) technique for differentiation of myoblast cells.

Cytocompatibility of Modified Silk Fibroin with Glycidyl Methacrylate for Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Applications.

Hydrogel with chemical modification has been used for 3D printing in the biomedical field of cell and tissue-based regeneration because it provides a good cellular microenvironment and mechanical supportive ability. As a scaffold and a matrix, hydrogel itself has to be modified chemically and physically to form a β-sheet crosslinking structure for the strength of the biomaterials. These chemical modifications could affect the biological damage done to encapsulated cells or surrounding tissues due to unreacted chemical residues.

Reinforced-hydrogel encapsulated hMSCs towards brain injury treatment by trans-septal approach.

Encapsulated stem cells in various biomaterials have become a potentially promising cell transplantation strategy in the treatment of various neurologic disorders. However, there is no ideal cell delivery material and method for clinical application in brain diseases. Here we show silk fibroin (SF)-based hydrogel encapsulated engineered human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to overproduce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (BDNF-hMSC) is an effective approach to treat brain injury through trans-septal cell transplantation in the rat model.

4D-bioprinted silk hydrogels for tissue engineering.

Recently, four-dimensional (4D) printing is emerging as the next-generation biofabrication technology. However, current 4D bioprinting lacks biocompatibility or multi-component printability. In addition, suitable implantable targets capable of applying 4D bioprinted products have not yet been established, except theoretical and in vitro study.

A 3D Printable Electroconductive Biocomposite Bioink Based on Silk Fibroin-Conjugated Graphene Oxide.

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has wide application as a nanofiller in the fabrication of electroconductive biocomposites due to its exceptional properties. However, the hydrophobicity and chemical stability of rGO limit its ability to be incorporated into precursor polymers for physical mixing during biocomposite fabrication. Moreover, until now, no suitable rGO-combining biomaterials that are stable, soluble, biocompatible, and 3D printable have been developed.

Digital light processing 3D printed silk fibroin hydrogel for cartilage tissue engineering.

Three-dimensional printing with Digital Lighting Processing (DLP) printer has come into the new wave in the tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. Especially for the clinical application, it needs to develop of bio-ink with biocompatibility, biodegradability and printability. Therefore, we demonstrated that Silk fibroin as a natural polymer fabricated with glycidyl-methacrylate (Silk-GMA) for DLP 3D printing.

Recirculating peritoneal dialysis system using urease-fixed silk fibroin membrane filter with spherical carbonaceous adsorbent.

The chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, there are some constraints, the frequent exchange of the dialysate and limitation of outside activity, associated with CAPD remain to be solved. In this study, we designed the wearable artificial kidney (WAK) system for peritoneal dialysis (PD) using urease-immobilized silk fibroin (SF) membrane and polymer-based spherical carbonaceous adsorbent (PSCA).

A 4-Axis Technique for Three-Dimensional Printing of an Artificial Trachea.

Background: Several types of three-dimensional (3D)-printed tracheal scaffolds have been reported. Nonetheless, most of these studies concentrated only on application of the final product to an animal study and could not show the effects of various 3D printing methods, materials, or parameters for creation of an optimal 3D-printed tracheal scaffold. The purpose of this study was to characterize polycaprolactone (PCL) tracheal scaffolds 3D-printed by the 4-axis fused deposition modeling (FDM) method and determine the differences in the scaffold depending on the additive manufacturing method.

Silk Fibroin in Wound Healing Process.

Silk fibroin (SF), a natural bioproduct, has been extensively used in biological and biomedical fields including wound healing due to its robust biocompatibility, less immunogenic, non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, and biodegradable properties. SF in different morphologic forms, such as hydrogels, sponges, films, electrospun nanofiber mats, and hydrocolloid dressings, have been successfully used for therapeutic use as wound dressings to induce the healing process. SF has also been known to promote wound healing by increasing the cell growth, proliferation, and migration of different cells types involved in the different phase of wound healing process.