Exploring the Efficacy of Conservative Management Versus Surgical Intervention in Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries: Insights Into Reinjury Rates, Quality of Life, and Long-Term Outcomes.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the comparative outcomes of conservative management versus surgical intervention for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar focused on studies published between 2010 and 2024. Data synthesis employed both thematic analysis for qualitative data and meta-analysis for quantitative outcomes.

Comparative Assessment of the Burden of Injury in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Analysis of Estimates From Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study.

Objectives Surgical care for traumatic injuries remains a major concern to public health in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognizes rising inequalities in global health. The objectives of this study were to compare the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 estimates on injury mortality and disability across sub-Saharan sub-regions by cause-of-injury category.

Evaluation of Morbidity and Mortality in Iatrogenic Colonic Perforation During Colonoscopy: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis explores the clinical and patient-specific factors contributing to increased morbidity and mortality following iatrogenic colonic perforation (ICP) during routine colonoscopy. A comprehensive search of Scopus, PubMed (Medline), Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted, reviewing studies published between 2010 and 2024. Data were synthesized through thematic analysis for qualitative data and meta-analysis for quantitative outcomes.

Experience Using Multi-Technology for Fall Risk Assessments Among Low-Income Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Purpose: To explore the experiences of low-income community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in using multi-technology.

Method: We conducted individual interviews with 14 low-income community-dwelling older adults with MCI aged ≥60 years who participated in a technology-based fall risk assessment study. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded.

Recruitment Strategies for a Technology-Based Fall Risk Assessment Research Study Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults During a Global Pandemic.

Purpose: To describe successful strategies for the recruitment of diverse community-dwelling older adults for a technology-based fall risk assessment research study during the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 124 adults aged ≥60 years agreed to participate. We used several recruitment strategies, including social media platforms, local community centers, flyers, contacting key persons, word of mouth, and contacting participants from previous research projects.

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) index for primary healthcare facilities: Towards achieving WASH security.

This study focused on designing a WASH Index for assessing the status of WASH in Primary Healthcare Facilities (PHCs) especially for low- and middle-income countries. To assess the effectiveness of the WASH Index in evaluating the WASH in PHCs, PHCs were selected from 70 Local Government Areas (LGA) across 3 Southwestern States in Nigeria. The WASH index comprises of the five Joint Monitoring Programme service ladders as outlined in the World Health Organization Global Baseline Report for monitoring basic WASH services in health care facilities: water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning.

A modified Kushner-Moore approach to characterising small-scale blender performance impact on tablet compaction.

Continuous Direct Compaction (CDC) has emerged as a promising route towards producing solid dosage forms while reducing material, development time and energy consumption. Understanding the response of powder processing unit operations, especially blenders, is crucial. There is a substantial body of work around how lubrication via batch blender operation affects tablet critical quality attributes such as hardness and tensile strength.

Sex-Dependent Effects of Chronic Circadian Disruption in AβPP/PS1 Mice.

Background: Chronic disruption of the circadian timing system, often reflected as a loss of restful sleep, also includes myriad other pathophysiological effects.

Objective: The current study examined how chronic circadian disruption (CD) could contribute to pathology and rate of progression in the AβPP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: A chronic CD was imposed until animals reached 6 or 12 months of age in AβPP/PS1 and C57BL/6J control mice.

Predictors of intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at state specialist hospital Ikere-Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria.

The study determined the socio-demographic predictors of reports of intimate partner violence (IPV) among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic in State Specialist Hospital Ikere-Ekiti. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used and a pretested questionnaire was administered to 390 pregnant women who were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Childbirth expectations and coping strategies of first-time mothers attending a comprehensive health centre in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Childbirth is a complex life event for every woman. Women will have positive experiences if their expectations are met during childbirth, unmet expectations can result in negative experience. This study assessed the knowledge, expectations and coping strategies used by first time mothers attending a Comprehensive Health Center in Ekiti State.

Deficiency of Adipose Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Protects against Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction through Sexually Dimorphic Mechanisms.

The molecular mechanisms underlying diet-induced obesity are complex and remain unclear. The activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a xenobiotic sensor, by obesogens may contribute to diet-induced obesity through influences on lipid metabolism and insulin resistance acting at various sites, including adipose tissue. Thus, our hypothesis was that conditional AhR depletion, specifically from mature adipose tissue (CadKO), would improve high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic dysfunction.

The History and Evolution of the West African College of Surgeons/Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Management Course.

Background: Inadequate trauma care training opportunities exist in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Jos University Teaching Hospital and the West African College of Surgeons (WACS) have synergized, over the past 15 years, to introduce a yearly, certified, multidisciplinary Trauma Management Course. We explore the history and evolution of this course.

Body composition, fear of falling and balance performance in community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: We aimed to 1) assess body composition using a portable technology, bioelectrical impedance analysis, (BIA) and 2) examine the associations between body composition and the discrepancy of fear of falling (FOF) and balance performance.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 121 older adults 60 years and older, 78% were female, 41% lived alone, and 71% had no history of falls. The discrepancy between fear of falling and balance performance was categorized into four groups.

Management of postpartum hemorrhage by midwives in selected healthcare facilities in Ekiti State: An exploratory qualitative study.

Objectives: Maternal mortality continues to pose a critical challenge in obstetric practice, with postpartum haemorrhage as one of the major causes. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of midwives regarding the management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).

Methods: The study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach.

Effects of Nurse-Led Fall Prevention Programs for Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Falls among older adults are preventable events and fall prevention programs led by nursing staff are promising and viable programs for preventing falls. This systematic review aimed to gain insight into the effects of nurse-led fall prevention programs for older adults. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis was used as a guideline in reporting this literature search conducted through CINAHL, MEDLINE, Eric, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases.

Linked experimental and modelling approaches for tablet property predictions.

Recent years have seen the advent of Quality-by-Design (QbD) as a philosophy to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of pharmaceutical production. The key pharmaceutical processing methodology of Direct Compression to produce tablets is also the focus of some research. The traditional Design-of-Experiments and purely experimental approach to achieve such quality and process development goals can have significant time and resource requirements.

Kolaviron ameliorates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced anxiety and depression: involvement of the HPA axis, antioxidant defense system, cholinergic, and BDNF signaling.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the beneficial effect of kolaviron (KV) (a biflavonoid) isolated from seed on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced anxiety- and depressive-like behavior.

Methods: Male albino mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=8) as follows; Group I: vehicle-control unstressed; Group II: CUMS-control; Group III-V: CUMS + KV 1, 5 or 50 mg/kg, respectively, Group VI: KV (50 mg/kg, p.o.

Construction of a low-cost, improvised, negative-pressure, closed tube surgical drain for low resource settings: A preliminary report.

We describe construction of an improvised, low-cost, negative-pressure, closed tube surgical drain constructed from an empty intravenous fluid container and an infusion giving set used in the low-resource rural context.

Assessing Sex-Specific Circadian, Metabolic, and Cognitive Phenotypes in the AβPP/PS1 and APPNL-F/NL-F Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Circadian disruption has long been recognized as a symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, emerging data suggests that circadian dysfunction occurs early on in disease development, potentially preceding any noticeable cognitive deficits.

Objective: This study compares the onset of AD in male and female wild type (C57BL6/J), transgenic (AβPP/PS1), and knock-in (APPNL-F/NL-F) AD mouse models from the period of plaque initiation (6 months) through 12 months.

Methods: Rhythmic daily activity patterns, glucose sensitivity, cognitive function (Morris water maze, MWM), and AD pathology (plaques formation) were assessed.

Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae) downregulates expression of immediate early genes in kainic acid-induced temporal lobe epilepsy in mice.

Objectives: This study investigates the influence of (CF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced immediate early genes (IEGs) associated with hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in mice.

Methods: Animals were randomly divided into preventive treatment; vehicle (10 mL/kg, p.o.

The Role of AhR in the Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Friend and Foe.

In recent years, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, has been considered to be involved in aging phenotypes across several species. This receptor is a highly conserved biosensor that is activated by numerous exogenous and endogenous molecules, including microbiota metabolites, to mediate several physiological and toxicological functions. Brain aging hallmarks, which include glial cell activation and inflammation, increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence, increase the vulnerability of humans to various neurodegenerative diseases.

Severe Chest Injury Revisited - An Analysis of The Jos University Teaching Hospital Trauma Registry.

Background: Chest injury remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in trauma as approximately two-thirds of all severe traumas involve the chest.

Objective: To determine the changes in the profile management and outcome of severe chest injury in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This is an analysis of the Trauma Registry of Jos University Teaching Hospital-a prospectively gathered database.

Recruiting Underrepresented Minority Students into Psychiatry Residency: a Virtual Diversity Initiative.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly hindered medical student career planning and clinical rotations. Recruitment and networking may be more influential in match outcomes than previous cycles. Medical residency training programs have significant challenges in recruiting diverse applicants.

Perception and Attitude of Surgical Trainees in Nigeria to Trauma Care.

Background: Trauma is still the leading cause of death in individuals between the ages of 1 and 44 years. Establishment of good trauma centres and systems has been shown to have a significant positive impact on outcomes. Surgical specialties, particularly trauma, are becoming less attractive in different parts of the world for a variety of reasons.

A Survey of Perceptions of Surgical Trainees on Feedback During Training in West Africa.

Background: Feedback has become an integral part of learning within the medical profession, particularly as training becomes more trainees'-centered. Feedback from the trainees about their training and trainers is essential for effective and high-quality training. The purpose of this survey was to evaluate trainees' perceptions on feedback on their postgraduate training and trainers in West Africa.