Inductive Characterization of ENDS-Associated Adverse Events Among California Young Adults.

Introduction: Previous studies have identified numerous adverse events experienced with the use of ENDS or E-cigarettes. However, much remains unknown about adverse event frequency, duration, and response experienced by users. The purpose of this study was to inductively characterize ENDS-attributed adverse events among young adults.

Health professionals' preferences with the use of pegfilgrastim on-body injector at oncology centers in 8 cities in Colombia.

Background: Febrile neutropenia associated with some chemotherapy regimens can lead to potentially fatal complications and high health care costs. Administration of pegfilgrastim using an On-Body Injector (OBI) may be more convenient for cancer patients and physicians in countries with limited access to high-complexity healthcare. This study aims to describe physician and nurse preferences regarding different options for administration of pegfilgrastim at cancer centers, the chemotherapy schemes for which pegfilgrastim is most frequently prescribed and how healthcare providers prioritize certain administration schemes according to patients' access to healthcare services.

Variables Affecting Delignification of Corn Wastes Using Urea for Total Reducing Sugars Production.

In this work, a combination of mechanical and chemical pretreatments using urea on corn residues (leaves and stems) was evaluated to obtain total reducing sugars (TRSs). The residues were characterized via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify biomass composition. During the mechanical pretreatment, the particle size of the biomass was reduced to 0.

Environmental and Safety Assessments of Industrial Production of Levulinic Acid via Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration.

These days, there is a need to develop novel and emerging processing pathways that permit production of value-added substances and fuels considering sustainability aspects. In this sense, levulinic acid (LA) is one of the most promising biorefinery products. This paper presents environmental and safety assessments of LA production via acid-catalyzed dehydration (ACD) of biomass.

The Adenosine A₃ Receptor Regulates Differentiation of Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells to Endothelial Cells under Hypoxia.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a neoplasm characterized by an extensive blood vessel network. Hypoxic niches of GBM can induce tumorigenic properties of a small cell subpopulation called Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and can also increase extracellular adenosine generation which activates the A₃ adenosine receptor (A₃AR). Moreover, GSCs potentiates the persistent neovascularization in GBM.

The effect of glass ionomer and adhesive cements on substance P expression in human dental pulp.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of glass ionomer and adhesive cements on SP expression in healthy human dental pulp.

Study Design: Forty pulp samples were obtained from healthy premolars where extraction was indicated for orthodontic reasons. In thirty of these premolars a Class V cavity preparation was performed and teeth were equally divided in three groups: Experimental Group I: Glass Ionomer cement was placed in the cavity.

Roles of predicted glycosyltransferases in the biosynthesis of the Rhizobium etli CE3 O antigen.

The Rhizobium etli CE3 O antigen is a fixed-length heteropolymer. The genetic regions required for its synthesis have been identified, and the nucleotide sequences are known. The structure of the O antigen has been determined, but the roles of specific genes in synthesizing this structure are relatively unclear.

Genetic basis for Rhizobium etli CE3 O-antigen O-methylated residues that vary according to growth conditions.

The Rhizobium etli CE3 O antigen is a fixed-length heteropolymer with O methylation being the predominant type of sugar modification. There are two O-methylated residues that occur, on average, once per complete O antigen: a multiply O-methylated terminal fucose and 2-O methylation of a fucose residue within a repeating unit. The amount of the methylated terminal fucose decreases and the amount of 2-O-methylfucose increases when bacteria are grown in the presence of the host plant, Phaseolus vulgaris, or its seed exudates.