Adolescent with caries and experienced interaction with dental staff.

Background: There is a lack of studies about how adolescents experience the interaction during dental visits. The experienced interaction during dental visits will influence how adolescents take care of their oro-dental health, and how they attend at the dentist's office.

Aim: To explore the interaction experiences during dental visits of 18-year-olds with or without a history of caries.

Migraine predicts hypertension--a cohort study of the Finnish working-age population.

Background: Migraine has been suggested to be associated with hypertension. The aim of the present 5-year prospective cohort study was to examine whether self-reported migraine in 1998 predicted hypertension in 2003 in a Finnish working-age population.

Methods: This cohort study consisted of 13 454 randomly selected initially non-hypertensive working-age participants of the prospective postal survey of the Health and Social Support.

Change in the frequency of HRT use from 2000 to 2005 and reasons to discontinue: follow-up of a normal cohort in Finland.

Objective: To examine frequencies of the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in a follow-up cohort of women aged 57-61 years in 2005 and to discover reasons why the women who used HRT in 2000 discontinued it.

Design: Questionnaire survey.

Setting: Five-year cross-sectional follow-up study.

Quality of life as an outcome of fall prevention interventions among the aged: a systematic review.

Background: Measuring quality of life (QOL) is an important part in assessing the effects of treatments and health services on patients' well-being. This kind of an assessment should be included when assessing the effects of preventive programmes. The aim was to explore whether QOL has been used as an outcome measure in fall prevention trials and to provide a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involve fall prevention interventions with an assessment of the effects on QOL among the aged.

Childhood caries is still in force: a 15-year follow-up.

Objective: To examine changes in caries prevalence among 3 to 15-year-old adolescents.

Material And Methods: Of 1582 eligible mothers, 1443 gave informed consent. Participating children and their parents were followed up continuously from 3 to 15 years of age in a pre-planned fashion and at regular intervals.

Treatment of climacteric symptoms in Finland prior to the controversial reports on hormone therapy.

Objective: To examine the use of hormone therapy (HT) or alternative treatments for climacteric symptoms among women aged 52-56 years in 2000.

Design: Questionnaire study.

Setting: Cross-sectional Finnish female cohort in the year 2000.

Gender differences in sex life issues - a population-based study of migraine sufferers.

Background: Migraine is considered to have a negative influence on sex life. The present study was to analyse the perceptions of importance of and satisfaction with sex life as well as the expression of interest in sex among people having migraines in a prospective follow-up mail survey in 1998 and 2003.

Methods: The random sample was stratified according to gender and age in four age groups (20-24, 30-34, 40-44, and 50-54 years).

Effects of an intervention on health behaviors of older coronary artery bypass (CAB) patients.

Coronary artery bypass (CAB) patients are older increasingly more often than before. Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation among the elderly is not yet adequately known about. The purpose was to describe short-term (3-month), intermediate (6-month), and long-term (12-month) effects of health counseling, guidance, and adjustment education in groups on health, health behaviors, and functional abilities among older CAB patients.

To have or not to have a pet for better health?

Background: Pet ownership is thought to have health benefits, but not all scientific explorations have been founded on proper applications of representative samples or statistically correct methodologies. Databanks have been too small for proper statistical analyses; or, instead of a random sample, participation has been voluntary. The direction of causality has been evaluated incorrectly or control of relevant factors noted deficient.

Effects of health advocacy, counseling, and activation among older coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.

Background And Aims: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is common and the majority of CHD patients are 65 years or older. There exist only a few randomized, controlled intervention studies on secondary prevention of CHD among elderly CHD patients. Our study assessed the effects of health advocacy, counseling, and activation programs with outcome variables of changes in the use of fats, lipid-lowering medications, frequency of exercise, cigarette smoking, serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, blood pressure, and symptoms of late-life CHD among CHD patients of the Lieto Study.

Effects of a controlled family-based health education/counseling intervention.

Objective: To describe the effects of a controlled family-based health education/counseling intervention on health behaviors of children with a familial history of cardiovascular diseases (FH-CVDs).

Methods: The intervention group (IG, n=432) received 5 counseling sessions. The control groups 1 (CG1, n=200) and 2 (CG2, n=423) received no counseling.

Will the role of family influence dental caries among seven-year-old children?

The present study analyzed the prevalence of dental caries as well as associations of dental health and family competence among 7-year-old children and their families. Dental caries status was the outcome variable of the 7-year prospective follow-up study. Pre-tested questionnaires were used to gather data individually from the parents at six points in time (at the public maternity health-care clinic during the mother's pregnancy and at childbirth, at the well-baby clinic at 18 months, and at ages 3, 5, and 7 years).

Associations of social support and sex life--the HeSSup Study.

The present study characterized the associations of three sex life issues (importance of, satisfaction with, and ease in talking about sex life) with social support and reciprocity. We utilised survey data of working-aged men and women (n = 21,101) from the population-based random sample of the Health and Social Support (HeSSup) Study (40% response). The respondents with abundant social support considered sex life important, were satisfied with it, and found it easy to talk about sex life more often than those with less social support.

Effects of a health advocacy, counselling, and activation programme on depressive symptoms in older coronary heart disease patients.

Objectives: To describe the effects of a health advocacy, counselling, and activation programme on depressive symptoms among older coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.

Methods: A randomised, controlled intervention study in Lieto, South-western Finland. Older (65 years and older) patients with CHD were randomly divided into an intervention group (IG) (n = 116) and a control group (CG) (n = 106).

Analysing the use of hospital care services in Finland.

Hospital care captures more than one half of the funds allocated for health care within municipalities in Finland. Municipal administrators perceive that there is little they can do as far the quantity and quality of services are concerned. This case study was to analyse the utilization of hospital care within a coalition of two municipalities (Paimio and Sauvo) for one year.

Recurrent antibiotic use in a small child and the effects on the family.

Objective: To determine the typical characteristics of small children on recurrent therapy with antibiotics (RTA) and the effects RTA have on the families.

Design: Stratified randomised cluster sampling.

Setting: An unselected population-based questionnaire study in Finland.

Change in the prevalence of coronary heart disease among Finnish elderly men and women in the 1990s.

Objective: To characterise the prevalence of, and changes in, coronary heart disease (CHD) among men and women aged between 64 and 71 years in the 1990s.

Design: A study of clinical epidemiology involving two cohorts of elderly persons in 1990-1991 and 1998-1999.

Setting: Primary health care in the municipality of Lieto in southwestern Finland.

Social support, early retirement, and a retirement preference: a study of 10,489 Finnish adults.

The aim of the study was to examine associations of social support with early retirement and reported retirement preference. Logistic regression analyses of early retirement (retired before the age of 55) were based on a cohort of 10,489 respondents (5960 female, 4529 male) aged 40-55 years. Analyses of retirement preference (planning of early retirement) were based on a sub-cohort of 7759 full-time employees (4233 female, 3526 male).

Children's dental healthcare quality using several outcome measures.

The aim of this study was to measure the quality of children's dental healthcare from the oral health records of 10-year-olds and from the numbers of children in risk groups. The focus was on dental healthcare and markers of dental records. A representative sample of women expecting their first child was selected in southwestern Finland.