Non-paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy that developed in fellow eye 10 years after onset in first eye: a case report.

Background: Evidence-based criteria for the treatment of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) have not been established. The pathology and clinical features of each antibody causing AIR, and its long-term course are still undetermined. We report our findings in a case of non-paraneoplastic AIR (npAIR) that developed in the fellow eye 10 years after the onset in the first eye.

Pattern Visually Evoked Potentials in Japanese Girl With Optic Neuritis and Seropositive to Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody.

To describe a Japanese girl with unilateral optic neuritis who was seropositive for the anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Serial recordings of the pattern visual evoked potentials (pVEPs) were made to follow the dynamic changes of the disease activity. A 5-year-old girl developed a sudden reduction of vision and deep ocular pain in her right eye.

Autosomal dominant optic atrophy with gene mutations accompanied by auditory neuropathy and other systemic complications in a Japanese cohort.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the genetic and clinical characteristics of four Japanese patients with autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) accompanied by auditory neuropathy and other systemic complications (i.e., DOA-plus disease).

Design and Synthesis of an Activatable Photoacoustic Probe for Hypochlorous Acid.

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a novel imaging modality that combines the high contrast of optical imaging and the deep tissue penetration of ultrasound. PA imaging contrast agents targeting various biological phenomena have been reported, but the development of activatable PA probes, which show a PA signal only in the presence of target molecules, remains challenging in spite of their potential usefulness for real-time PA imaging of specific biomolecules in vivo. To establish a simple design strategy for activatable PA probes, we first designed and synthesized a silicon-rhodamine based near-infrared nonfluorescent dye, wsSiNQ660 (water-soluble SiNQ660), as a scaffold and demonstrated that it offers a high conversion efficiency from light to ultrasound compared to typical near-infrared fluorescent dyes.

Three cases of acute-onset bilateral photophobia.

Purpose: To report the findings in 3 cases of bilateral negative electroretinograms (ERGs) with acute onset of photophobia.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: The medical charts of the 3 patients were reviewed.

The Efficacy of Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transcorneal electrical stimulation in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma. Five eyes of four male subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma (average age: 52.25 ± 14.

Quantitative phase imaging by optimized asymmetric illumination.

We have presented a simple approach for quantitative phase imaging by optimizing asymmetric illumination of a conventional microscope. With this illumination, the light intensity modulation accompanying refraction at the surface profile of phase objects occurs, and "phase-gradient information" can be derived by detecting it. Two images with phase-gradient information on different axes are converted into the two-dimensional phase distribution of the specimen by introducing the phase-gradient transfer function, which is the intensity change due to refraction by the phase-gradient of a specimen.

Method for observing phase objects without halos or directional shadows.

A new microscopy method for observing phase objects without halos or directional shadows is proposed. The method is based on transformation of the surface profile of phase objects into a light intensity pattern. The key optical element is an annular aperture at the front focal plane of a condenser.

Early Visual Processing is Affected by Clinical Subtype in Patients with Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Magnetoencephalography Study.

Objective: To determine whether visual evoked magnetic fields (VEFs) elicited by right and left hemifield stimulation differ in patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN) that results from cerebrovascular accident.

Methods: Pattern-reversal stimulation of the right and left hemifield was performed in three patients with left USN. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded using a 160-channel system, and VEFs were quantified in the 400 ms after each stimulus.

Improvement of visual acuity after transcorneal electrical stimulation in case of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.

Purpose: To report an improvement of the visual acuity after transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) in a case of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD).

Patient And Methods: A 26-year-old woman diagnosed with BVMD presented with reduced vision. Her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was reduced to 20/200 in the right eye, and TES was performed once a month for two sessions.

Acute Visual Field Defect following Vitrectomy Determined to Originate from Optic Nerve by Electrophysiological Tests.

Purpose: To present our findings on the cause of an acute visual field defect (VFD) that developed in a patient on the day after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Case: A 50-year-old man complained of a blind area in the superior visual field that developed one day after vitrectomy. The patient had undergone uncomplicated vitrectomy for a long-duration vitreous hemorrhage associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Clinical characteristics of occult macular dystrophy in family with mutation of RP1l1 gene.

Purpose: To report the clinical characteristics of occult macular dystrophy (OMD) in members of one family with a mutation of the RP1L1 gene.

Methods: Fourteen members with a p.Arg45Trp mutation in the RP1L1 gene were examined.

Fundus autofluorescence in autosomal dominant occult macular dystrophy.

Objective: To characterize fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images of eyes with autosomal dominant occult macular dystrophy (OMD).

Methods: All patients received a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination for diagnosis of OMD. We evaluated the FAF images in 13 eyes of 7 patients with autosomal dominant OMD by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with excitation at 488 nm and emission more than 500 nm.

Pattern-reversal visual-evoked potential in patients with occult macular dystrophy.

Purpose: Occult macular dystrophy (OMD) is a hereditary retinal disease characterized by a normal fundus, normal full-field electroretinograms (ERGs), progressive decrease of visual acuity, and abnormal focal macular ERGs. The purpose of this study was to report pattern-reversal visual-evoked potential (pVEPs) findings in OMD patients.

Patients And Method: The pVEPs recorded from four patients with OMD (aged 42-61 years; 2 men and 2 women) were reviewed.

Dominant mutations in RP1L1 are responsible for occult macular dystrophy.

Occult macular dystrophy (OMD) is an inherited macular dystrophy characterized by progressive loss of macular function but normal ophthalmoscopic appearance. Typical OMD is characterized by a central cone dysfunction leading to a loss of vision despite normal ophthalmoscopic appearance, normal fluorescein angiography, and normal full-field electroretinogram (ERGs), but the amplitudes of the focal macular ERGs and multifocal ERGs are significantly reduced at the central retina. Linkage analysis of two OMD families was performed by the SNP High Throughput Linkage analysis system (SNP HiTLink), localizing the disease locus to chromosome 8p22-p23.

Retinopathy: an overlooked adverse effect of interferon-beta treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Interferon (IFN), which is an established maintaining therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), has been reported various adverse effects. This paper describes a case of IFN-associated retinopathy, representing an overlooked adverse effect in MS. A 46-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus was diagnosed with MS and treated with IFNbeta-1b for three years.

Woman with atypical unilateral Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy with visual improvement.

We describe a patient with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) who had a unilateral involvement and a gradual recovery of vision. A 50-year-old woman was referred to our clinic in December 2004 for the treatment of left optic neuritis. The visual acuity was 0.

Transcorneal electrical stimulation of retina to treat longstanding retinal artery occlusion.

Purpose: To report the outcome of transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) of the visual system on long-standing retinal artery occlusion (RAO).

Design: Open labeled, case series.

Patients And Methods: Two patients with central RAO (15 and 33 months respectively) and one with branch RAO (26 months) underwent TES therapy.

Discordance between subjective perimetric visual fields and objective multifocal visual evoked potential-determined visual fields in patients with hemianopsia.

Purpose: To investigate the concordance between subjectively and objectively acquired visual fields in patients with subjectively determined hemianopsia.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Methods: Ten patients, six men and four women, ranging in age from 28 to 68 years, were studied.

Phototoxic effects of commercial photographic flash lamp on rat eyes.

Background: To determine whether exposure of the cornea and retina of rats to flashes from a commercial photographic flash lamp is phototoxic.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 10, 100, or 1,000 flashes of the OPTICAM 16M photographic flash lamp (Fujikoeki, Japan) placed 0.1, 1, or 3 m from the eyes.

Microcirculation at optic disc rim is correlated with visual field defects in cases of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy.

We report two cases of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy in whom tissue blood flow at the disc rim was correlated with the visual field defect. Tissue blood flow of each eye was evaluated with Heidelberg retina flowmeter. Both cases experienced acute visual loss and an altitudinal hemianopsia associated with optic disc oedema in the affected eye.

Genetic variants of TP53 and EPHX1 in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and their relationship to age at onset.

Purpose: To determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the genes for oxidative stress and apoptosis cause the clinical variability in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

Methods: Eighty-seven unrelated Japanese LHON patients carrying the 11778 mitochondrial mutation were studied at the Keio University Hospital. Their mean age (+/-SD) was 25.

Recycling nanoparticles stabilized in water-in-CO2 microemulsions for catalytic hydrogenations.

Catalytic hydrogenations of olefins took place effectively in supercritical CO2 with Pd0 nanoparticles dispersed in the fluid phase using a water-in-CO2 microemulsion consisting of water, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) as a surfactant, and 1-octanol as a cosolvent. The hydrogenated products dissolved in supercritical CO2 can be separated from the octanol solution containing AOT microemulsions with Pd0 nanoparticles by phase separation (upper phase, supercritical CO2 with hydrogenated products; lower phase, 1-octanol containing AOT microemulsions with Pd0 nanoparticles) accompanied by reduction of CO2 pressure. After collecting the hydrogenated products by flowing the upper CO2 phase to a collection vessel, the Pd0 nanoparticles remaining in the lower phase can be redispersed into supercritical CO2 by pressurizing the system to a pressure where a homogeneous phase is attained.