Distribution of Neurofilament in Peeled Internal Limiting Membrane.

Background And Objective: The aim was to study the distribution of neurofilament in peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM).

Patients And Methods: Prospective case study. Vitrectomy and ILM peeling were performed in patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole.

Effects of Subcutaneous Methotrexate in Patients with Refractory Uveitis and Chorioretinitis.

Purpose: Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressive agent used to treat noninfectious inflammatory eye conditions and is generally administered orally for ocular inflammatory diseases. When used in rheumatological diseases, subcutaneous administration has been reported to show higher efficacy than oral administration. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous MTX in patients with refractory uveitis or choroiditis who did not respond to other immunosuppressive agents.

Prevalence and Progression of Stage 0 Macular Hole in Fellow Eyes of Patients with Idiopathic Full-thickness Macular Hole.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence and progression of a stage 0 macular hole in the fellow eye of patients with an idiopathic full-thickness macular hole.

Methods: The fellow eyes of 189 patients who underwent idiopathic full-thickness macular hole surgery were examined by biomicroscopy and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A subset of 21 fellow eyes with a stage 0 macular hole was observed.

One-year outcomes of fixed-dosing Aflibercept therapy for pre treated and naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy patient.

Background: Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a type of age-related macular degeneration that can cause permanent vision loss. The purpose of this paper was to report the one-year outcomes of fixed-dosing aflibercept therapy for the treatment of PCV.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, interventional case series study of 25 PCV patients; 12 pre-treated and 13 treatment-naïve patients.

Clinical outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy and scleral fixation of the intraocular lens with a suspension bridge method in eyes with aphakia or insufficient capsular support.

Purpose: To describe a modified technique of scleral fixation for intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and report the clinical outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy and scleral IOL fixation using the suspension bridge method.

Methods: This retrospective case series included 57 eyes (56 patients) of aphakia or phakic and pseudophakic eyes with insufficient capsular support that underwent IOL implantation or dislocated IOL repositioning with scleral fixation using the 'suspension bridge' method by a single surgeon between 1 July 2010 and 1 March 2019. Preoperative status, changes in visual acuity, refractive outcomes as spherical equivalent and related complications were assessed with a minimum follow-up of 3 months.

Novel Findings of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy via Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To introduce novel findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of 16 patients (16 eyes) with PCV. OCTA (Avanti RTVue XR) findings were evaluated and selected for analysis after agreement by two retina specialists .

Short-duration multiple-session subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: results at 3 years.

Objectives: To review the 3-year follow-up results of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (SMYL) delivered by a short-duration multiple-session method for treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: A total of 27 eyes from 27 patients with chronic CSC available for 3 years of follow-up were enrolled in this retrospective and interventional study. Patients were treated with 577-nm SMYL photocoagulation at a 15% duty cycle over multiple sessions, with low power ranging from 200 to 400 mW that was increased in 100 mW increments according to resolution of subretinal fluid at monthly follow-up.

High Dose Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Refractory Pigment Epithelial Detachment in Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is the first choice of treatment for age-related macular degeneration. However, quite a few eyes treated using conventional dose anti-VEGF (CDAV) have persistent pigment epithelial detachment (PED) on optical coherence tomography. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of high dose anti-VEGF (HDAV) for refractory PED.

Management of Acute Submacular Hemorrhage with Intravitreal Injection of Tenecteplase, Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Gas.

Purpose: To evaluate the visual and anatomical outcomes for neovascular age-related macular degeneration with submacular hemorrhage after intravitreal injections of tenecteplase (TNK), anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and expansile gas.

Methods: This study was a retrospective clinical case series following 25 eyes of 25 patients. All patients received a triple injection using 0.

EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE FORMATION AFTER INTRAVITREAL AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL IMPLANTATION IN A RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA PATIENT.

Methods: A retrospective case report of a retinitis pigmentosa patient who underwent vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane after intravitreal autologous stem cell implantation.

Results: A 71-year-old female RP patient came to our clinic for ophthalmic evaluation after intravitreal autologous stem cell injection. Four months ago, she underwent intravitreal autologous stem cell injection for both eyes at another hospital.

Optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Purpose: To report the characteristics of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) results.

Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional case series was conducted. Patients treated for PCV were evaluated with the OCTA system.

Retinal Detachment and Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.

In normal eyes, retinal detachment (RD) occurs at a rate of approximately 5 per 100,000 people per year and the frequency of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains largely unchanged in primary RD, with the incidence ranging from 5.1 to 11.7%.

Sterile Inflammation after Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept in a Korean Population.

Purpose: To report the frequency and clinical features of sterile inflammation after intravitreal aflibercept injection in a Korean population.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was performed in patients who received intravitreal aflibercept from July 2013 through January 2015.

Results: A total of four cases of post-injection sterile inflammation were identified from 723 aflibercept injections in 233 patients.

VITRECTOMY FOR REFRACTORY MACULAR HOLE.

Purpose: To report two cases of the treatment of refractory macular hole.

Methods: A retrospective case report of two patients who underwent vitrectomy for refractory macular hole.

Results: Two patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy for refractory macular holes.

Aflibercept Treatment for Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Refractory to Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

Purpose: To report the results of switching treatment to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Trap-Eye (aflibercept) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) refractory to anti-VEGF (ranibizumab and bevacizumab).

Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 32 eyes from 29 patients; 18 were cases of neovascular AMD and 14 were cases of PCV. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were evaluated.

Blood Vessel Maturation by Disintegrin in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.

Purpose: Although Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif-containing disintegrins are associated with integrin inhibition and the activation of various biological processes, little is known about the role of RGD motif-containing disintegrin in vascular development and remodeling. We therefore investigated the role of RGD-containing disintegrin in vascular remodeling in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.

Materials And Methods: EGT022, an RGD-containing disintegrin originated from human a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15 (ADAM15), was used to investigate the role of the disintegrin in vascular development in OIR mouse model.

Predictive findings of visual outcome in spectral domain optical coherence tomography after ranibizumab treatment in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate which spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings predict visual outcome after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NV-AMD).

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with treatment-naïve NV-AMD who underwent three or more consecutive anti-VEGF injections. The patients were divided into three groups according to their changes of visual acuity (VA); improved (group I), static (group S), or worsened (group W).

The short-term efficacy of subthreshold Micropulse yellow (577-nm) laser photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse yellow (577-nm) laser photocoagulation (SMYLP) in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: We reviewed 14 eyes of 12 patients with DME who underwent SMYLP with a 15% duty cycle at an energy level immediately below that of the test burn. The laser exposure time was 20 ms and the spot diameter was 100 µm.

Effect of sulodexide in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: diabetic retinopathy sulodexide study (DRESS).

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of sulodexide for the treatment of hard exudates (HE) in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).

Methods: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial involving 130 patients (65 for each group) who had mild-to-moderate NPDR with macular HE. Participants were given a daily dose of either 50 mg sulodexide or a matching dose of placebo orally for 12 months.

Optical coherence tomography-guided selective focal laser photocoagulation: a novel laser protocol for diabetic macular edema.

Background: To compare the anatomic and functional results between optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided selective focal laser photocoagulation (OCT-laser) and conventional modified Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (mETDRS) laser treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: We analyzed treatment outcomes in 47 consecutive eyes treated with OCT-laser compared to 31 matched eyes treated with mETDRS. In the OCT-laser group, we identified 'significant actively-leaking microaneurysms on OCT' (SALMO) which are responsible for edema in OCT B-scan images, and thoroughly ablated them with photocoagulation.

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis among patients with uveitis.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis in patients with uveitis.

Method: Patients with uveitis were examined. Serum antibodies to T.

Co-occurrence of acute retinal artery occlusion and acute ischemic stroke: diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging study.

Purpose: To evaluate the co-occurrence of acute ischemic stroke and acute retinal artery occlusion (RAO).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: We included 33 consecutive patients with acute RAO who underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging within 7 days of the onset of visual symptoms.

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis among Patients with Uveitis.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis in patients with uveitis.

Methods: Patients with uveitis were examined. Serum antibodies to T.