Sonographic Evaluation of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Hospitalized Neurosurgical Trauma Patients in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized trauma patients. Ultrasonography (US) has replaced venography as the initial diagnostic tool for DVT.

Aims: The study aimed to determine the incidence of lower limb DVT in hospitalized neurosurgical trauma patients in hospitalized neurosurgical patients.

Intracranial Arterial Calcification in Black Africans with Acute Ischaemic Stroke.

Background: Intracranial arterial calcification (IAC), a recognized marker of atherosclerosis on cranial computed tomography (CT), is an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution, severity, and associations of IAC in adults with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods: Cranial CT images of 130 consecutive adults who presented with AIS were acquired on a 64-slice multi-detector Toshiba Aquilion scanner and evaluated for IAC in bone window on Vitrea® software using a semi-quantitative scoring method for extent, thickness, and length of calcifications in the large intracranial arteries.

Brain and spine imaging artefacts on low-field magnetic resonance imaging: Spectrum of findings in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Low-field (LF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technology that is widely used in resource-limited settings for clinical imaging. The images produced, even though of low resolution with noise and artefacts, provide valuable information and guidance for patient assessment and treatment. This study shows a spectrum of MRI artefacts that affect image quality during routine clinical neuroradiology practice using LF MRI in a Nigerian hospital and suggests ways to avoid them.

Comparative analysis of clinical and computed tomography features of basal skull fractures in head injury in southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Basal skull fractures (BSF) in head injury may be missed clinically. Early detection ensures prompt treatment and prevention of complications We compared the clinical and Computed Tomography (CT) features of basal skull fractures in head injured patients in a southwestern Nigerian hospital.

Materials And Methods: Head injury patients who had cranial CT at a Southwestern Nigerian hospital were selected.

Electroencephalography as a tool for evidence-based diagnosis and improved outcomes in children with epilepsy in a resource-poor setting.

Introduction: Electroencephalography (EEG) remains the most important investigative modality in the diagnostic evaluation of individuals with epilepsy. Children living with epilepsy in the developing world are faced with challenges of lack of access to appropriate diagnostic evaluation and a high risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. We appraised EEG studies in a cohort of Nigerian children with epilepsy seen in a tertiary center in order to evaluate access to and the impact of EEG in the diagnostic evaluation of the cases.

Ultrasound prevalence of gallstone disease in diabetic patients at Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Gallstones (GS) in the gallbladder (GB) can be responsible for a whole spectrum of disease entities which may lead to a surgical emergency with high mortality. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a debilitating disease that affects all systems in the body, and literature documents a higher incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) and its complications in diabetics than in the non-diabetic population. Most local studies on the association between GS formation and DM have focused on type 2 diabetics.

Testicular tuberculosis presenting with metastatic intracranial tuberculomas only: a case report.

Introduction: Intracranial tuberculomas are a rare complication of tuberculosis occurring through hematogenous spread from an extracranial source, most often of pulmonary origin. Testicular tuberculosis with only intracranial spread is an even rarer finding and to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. Clinical suspicion or recognition and prompt diagnosis are important because early treatment can prevent patient deterioration and lead to clinical improvement.

Experience with three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Introduction: The latest versions of spiral CT scanners have provided the radiologist with unparalleled capabilities for vascular imaging. Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) has the potential of revolutionizing vascular imaging and with evolving improvements may replace conventional angiography in the near future

Objective: To report our initial experience with CTA in Nigeria; highlighting its usefulness as a non invasive modality and its clinical applications in diagnosis of vascular abnormalities of various parts of the body.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 62 patients who had CTA between December 2003 and September 2005.

Frontotemporal dementia in a Nigerian woman: case report and brief review of the literature.

Frontotemporal lobal degeneration (FTLD) is a clinically heterogeneous group of sporadic and familial neurodegenerative diseases characterized by dementia, alteration in language and/or behaviour, loss of executive skills and sometimes Parkinsonian features resulting from degeneration predominantly affecting the anterior frontal and temporal regions of the brain. Three main clinical subtypes including frontotemporal dementia (FTD), semantic dementia (SD) and progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) have been described depending on the clinical phenomenology, the areas of the brain where the disorder begins and where the most extensive degeneration occurs. We describe a case of frontotemporal dementia in a 58 year old Nigerian woman and also review the current literature.

Superior vena cava obstruction: diagnosis, management and outcome.

Objective: To document our experience with superior vena cava obstruction in a black African population.

Design: A retrospective study of clinical data collected from cancer registry, patients case noted, cardiothoracic surgical unit's and operating records between June 1975 and May 1999.

Setting: University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria which hosts a major cancer centre in the West African sub-region and also serves community clinics.

Abdominal ultrasonography in HIV/AIDS patients in southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Though the major target of the HIV-virus is the immune system, the frequency of abdominal disorders in HIV/AIDS patients has been reported to be second only to pulmonary disease. These abdominal manifestations may be on the increase as the use of antiretroviral therapy has increased life expectancy and improved quality of life. Ultrasonography is an easy to perform, non invasive, inexpensive and safe imaging technique that is invaluable in Africa where AIDS is most prevalent and where sophisticated diagnostic tools are not readily available.

Bilateral congenital cystic adenomatiod malformation of the lungs: a case report.

A six weeks old infant presented with scalp ulcer and fever. and on examination was found to have resonant percussion notes bilaterally. The initial chest radiograph revealed multiple lucencies which were initially thought to be due to diaphragmatic hernia, but the dilemma was resolved by Computerised tomography which revealed the lucencies to be multiple cysts characteristics of Congenital Cystic Adenomatiod Malformation (CCAM) type II.

Factors influencing visual and clinical outcome in Nigerian patients with cranial meningioma.

We retrospectively analysed the impact of selected clinicopathological factors on visual and clinical outcome in patients with histologically verified cranial meningioma. The 60 patients analysed for tumour characteristics consisted of 32 females and 28 males (sex ratio 1.1:1) aged 9-77 years (mean 40 years) seen between 1977 and 1999 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Computed tomographic pattern of stroke in children with sickle cell anaemia in Ibadan.

We present the findings in 14 paediatrics patients with SCA who had CT examination at the University College Hospital Ibadan on account of stroke between 1993 and 2000. There were 8 female and 6 male with a mean age of 11.25 years and SD of 3.

Computerised tomographic detection of intracranial complications of paranasal sinus infections.

Ninety-four patients were referred for CT examination of the paranasal sinuses within a five year period. Only 11 (11.7%) of them had intracranial complications.

Giant fibrolipomatous polyp of the oesophagus: a case report.

Giant pedunculated oesophageal polyps are rare intraluminal tumours which are usually benign. they include fibrovascular polyp, liposarcoma, harmatomas and lipomas. They may be asymptomatic for a long time and thus attain an enormous size.

Computed tomographic evaluation of TB spine in Ibadan.

Background: Tuberculosis still remains a major problem in the developing countries. The involvement of the spine is also of increasing importance, because of the resurgence of TB in association with AIDS. This paper is designed to evaluate the applicability of CT in the diagnosis and definition of tuberculosis of the spine in Ibadan.

Computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in Ibadan.

Background: Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool for neuroimaging, it offers an opportunity to investigate structural lesions as a cause of seizures with little morbidity. This study is designed to evaluate it's applicability in children with epileptic seizures.

Method: It is a descriptive study of the CT scans of the 103 consecutive children who were referred to the CT suite of the University College Hospital on account of seizure disorders over a 5 year period (1997--2001).

Presentation of primary mediastinal masses in Ibadan.

Objectives: To determine clinical features, anatomic location and histological types of primary mediastinal masses diagnosed and treated in a black African population.

Design: A retrospective study of clinical data collected from patients case notes, the cardiothoracic unit's and pathology records between June 1975 and May 1999.

Setting: University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria which hosts a major cancer center in the West African sub-region, and serves community clinics.

A case of adrenal myelolipoma mimicking pheocromocytoma.

A 34 year-old hypertensive para 2 + 0 (1 alive) woman, was found to have right suprarenal mass during routine ante-natal investigation. The suprarenal mass, which was initially diagnosed as phaeochromocytoma was excised and was found at histology to be myelolipoma! The radiological investigations and appearances (compared with phaeochromocytoma where necessary) have been discussed. The complications, differential diagnoses and treatment were also mentioned.

Experience with computed tomography (CT) pelvimetry in Ibadan, Nigeria: a preliminary report.

Computed tomography (CT) pelvimetry has largely replaced conventional radiography in the antenatal assessment of pelvic dimensions, but its usefulness in the Nigerian setting is yet to be assessed. This study was undertaken to ascertain if there is a relationship between antenatal CT pelvimetric measurements and the mode of delivery at the end of the pregnancy. A group of thirty-one patients who had antenatal pelvimetry were categorised into two groups depending on whether they achieved vaginal delivery or not and the pelvimetric and other obstetrrc characteristics of the two groups were compared.

HIV-assocated lymphoma: a case report.

We report the case of a 3(1/2) year old boy who presented with sudden onset of headache. Fever and swelling of the left eye. He had complete opthalmoplegia of the left eye and 6th cranial nerve paralysis in the right eye.

Trans-hiatal oesophagectomy as palliative treatment for carcinoma of the oesophagus.

Objective: To determine the role of palliation with trans-hiatal oesophagectomy in Nigerian patients with carcinoma of the oesophagus.

Design: Prospective case series. The first series was from February 1986 to September 1987 (Series A) while the second series was from March 1989 to November 1996 (Series B).

Comparison of Siriraj Stroke Score and the WHO criteria in the clinical classification of stroke subtypes.

Clinical distinction between cerebral haemorrhage (CH) and cerebral infarction (CI) is important in the management of stroke patients in areas where CT scan facility is lacking or access limited by cost and distance. This distinction is necessary in our environment where an increasing proportion of patients are suspected to have haemorrhagic stroke. This study compares Siriraj stroke score (SSS) and the WHO criteria for the acute stroke syndrome as simple tools for this purpose.

Abdominal computed tomographic scan-merits and demerits over ultrasonography: evaluation of 70 cases.

Computed tomography (CT) and Ultrasonography (USS) are commonly used to ascertain the cause of abdominal symptoms. In a retrospective study of 70 Nigerian patients who had abdominal ultrasonography prior to abdominal CT scans, the most frequent clinical feature was abdominal pain, which was reported in 20.8% of the patients.