Involvement of enhanced coagulation and fibrinolysis system in induction of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits fed on a high cholesterol diet.

We studied the involvement of coagulation and fibrinolysis system in the induction and development of atherosclerosis in rabbits with hyperlipidemia induced by a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). In HCD rabbits, plasma lipids and atherogenic indices were maintained at a high level throughout the experimental period compared with those in rabbits fed on a standard diet. In the early phase, a significant increase in fibrinogen level was followed by increases in the activities of plasminogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator with a decrease in alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor activity and platelet count.

Behavioral stimulation without alteration of beta and 5-HT receptors and adenylate cyclase activity in rat brain after chronic sertraline administration.

Effects of chronic treatment with selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on the monoaminergic functions have not been much investigated in compared with tricyclic antidepressants. Therefore, we compared the effects of 3-week treatment with sertraline, a potent SSRI, to those of imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP, twice a day), on monoamine receptors and adenylate cyclase (AC) activity in rat brain. Two-week treatment with both sertraline and imipramine reduced immobility in the water wheel test to the comparable extent.

Protective effect of citalopram against the attenuation of the alpha 1-potentiation of cAMP formation in Fischer 344 strain rats.

We investigated the effects of citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), using an animal model for a depressive state. In Fischer 344 rats, known as emotional animals, repeated stress by twice-daily intraperitoneal (i.p.

Blood coagulability and fibrinolysis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis in the plasma (in vivo) and hepatocytes (ex vivo) were studied using hyperglycemic rats. Hyperglycemia was induced by intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Eight weeks after the injection, we observed increases in thrombin-antithrombin III complex and tissue type plasminogen activator activity, decreases in plasma levels of antithrombin III, plasminogen and alpha2-plasmin inhibitor, and significant shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time.

[Performance study of teleradiology network systems with CRT monitors: ROC analysis of an observation study of simulated lung nodules].

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of commercially available CRT monitors used in a teleradiology system by determining the rate of detection of simulated lung nodules.

Materials And Methods: Three types of CRT monitors were tested in the observation study. They had matrix sizes of 1024 x 768(16 inches, color), 1024 x 768(20 inches, color) and 1600 x 1125(24 inches, black and white).

Possible involvement of calmodulin-dependent kinases in Ca(2+)-dependent enhancement of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine uptake in rat cortex.

Effects of Ca2+ on [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake into rat cortical synaptosomes were studied. The uptake was enhanced in the presence of Ca2+ in Krebs-Ringer medium and the uptake at 0.3-5 mM Ca2+ was 2.

[Usefulness of NODSS (nasal/oral discriminate sampling system) in end-tidal carbon dioxide gas monitoring].

We investigated the usefulness of nasal/oral discriminate sampling system (NODSS) that had been developed recently in order to obtain the accurate end-tidal carbon dioxide (PET(CO2)) from a spontaneously breathing patient through a nomal airway. Fifty patients were monitored using a capnograph with NODSS following extubation in the postanesthesia unit. PET(CO2) data were collected by means of nasal, oral or nasal/oral sampling.

[Pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin and lomefloxacin in aqueous humour analysed by microdialysis].

The pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin (NFLX) and lomefloxacin (LFLX) in rabbit aqueous humour after instillation of 0.3% solution (20 microliters) and oral administration (20 mg/kg) were investigated by microdialysis. We also measured plasma concentration of fluoroquinolones after oral administration.

[Methodological study of hemodynamic analysis of lung mass by contrast enhanced dynamic CT].

We investigated a method of analyzing the hemodynamics of the lung mass by contrast enhanced dynamic computed tomography (dynamic CT) to determine the difference in vascular supply between the pulmonary artery and bronchial artery using an experimental model. Our experimental model consisted of two injectors connected to two tubes, representing the pulmonary artery and bronchial artery, which were further connected to a chamber representing the lung mass. Following infusion of contrast medium into each tube with some delay time, dynamic CT scans were performed to obtain time density curves of the two tubes and the chamber.

[Evaluation of image quality of medical facsimile as a radiological image recording system].

We examined the usefulness of a new medical facsimile (MFAX) system in recording and transmitting various kinds of medical images, including X-ray images and colored histopathologic images. The system consists of an image scanner, a magnetic disk for image storage, a transmission circuit and a thermal image printer. Transmission time for a FCR (Fuji computed radiography) image by super-fine mode was 6 minutes.

A study of monoamine oxidase activity in fetal membranes.

Objective: To study the role of decidual monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and -B activities before delivery, the relationship between MAO activity in fetal membranes and catecholamine (CA) concentration in amniotic fluid (AF) was determined.

Methods: Fetal membranes and AF were obtained at the time of elective Cesarean section (CS group, n = 11) and Cesarean section due to fetal distress without labor pains (FD group, n = 5). MAO-A and -B activities were radiometrically measured using 14C-5-hydroxytriptamine for MAO-A substrate and 14C-benzylamine for MAO-B substrate.

[Detectability of simulated nodules on chest phantom by Fuji computed radiography: comparison of different nodule sizes, configurations and tube voltages].

The detectability of simulated nodules placed on a chest phantom and shown on FCR images has been studied. Different tube voltages (130 kVp, 100 kVp), presence or absence of compensation filter, various sites and different sizes (5 mm/10 mm) and configurations (spherical or broad based) of the nodule were examined. 112 FCR chest phantom images were evaluated by ten radiology specialists utilizing ROC analysis.

Digital tomosynthesis imaging of the lung.

We report our preliminary results of pulmonary imaging by digital tomosynthesis, and describe some advantages of these digitally processed longitudinal tomographic images. Digital tomosynthesis of the lung was performed in 60 subjects, including 56 patients with a localized lesion or diffuse disseminated lesions, with a fluororadiographic TV unit with linear tomographic capability, in conjunction with an image processing unit. Dual energy subtraction digital tomosynthesis was also available in our system.

Magnetic resonance imaging of neurogenic tumors of the thoracic inlet: determination of the parent nerve.

To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the parent nerves of neurogenic tumors in the thoracic inlet, analysis of MR images was performed in nine patients with surgically resected neurogenic tumors in the thoracic inlet (two neurofibromas and one schwannoma of the vagus nerve, three schwannomas of the brachial plexus, and two schwannomas and one ganglioneuroma of the sympathetic nerves). These MR images were compared with surgical and pathologic findings. The multidirectional capability and excellent tissue contrast of MRI facilitated recognition of the location, shape, and extent of the tumors.

An attenuated alpha-1 potentiation of beta adrenoceptor-stimulated cyclic AMP formation after repeated saline injections in Fischer 344 strain rats.

We investigated the behavioral and neurochemical features of Fischer 344 strain rats in which a depressive state was induced by repeated handling and saline injections as a mild stressor. The repeated intraperitoneal injections of saline (2 ml/kg, twice a day for 14 days) elicited a moderate suppression of body weight gain, a decrease in their open field activity and a prolonged immobility in the tail suspension test. In the stress-exposed rats, the tissue content of norepinephrine (NE) was increased in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus, whereas that of dopamine or serotonin was not affected.

Ca(2+)-dependent enhancement of [3H]dopamine uptake in rat striatum: possible involvement of calmodulin-dependent kinases.

We studied effects of Ca2+ in the incubation medium on [3H]dopamine ([3H]DA) uptake by rat striatal synaptosomes. Both the duration of the preincubation period with Ca2+ (0-30 min) and Ca2+ concentration (0-10 mM) in Krebs-Ringer medium affected [3H]DA uptake by the synaptosomes. The increase was maximal at a concentration of 1 mM Ca2+ after a 10-min preincubation (2.

[123I-MIBG myocardial SPECT in two patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy].

201T1C1 SPECT and 123I-MIBG SPECT were performed in two patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Both patients showed normal accumulation of 201T1C1 and no accumulation of 123I-MIBG in the myocardium at the early and delayed images. These results indicate that the patient with FAP-related myocardial change accompanies sympathetic nerve dysfunction.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonists and antagonists partially affect the duration of ketamine anesthesia in the rat.

The effects of intracerebroventricular injection of excitatory amino acids which act on the N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex on the duration of loss of righting reflex (DLRR) induced by intravenous injection to ketamine (20 mg/kg) were investigated in rats. Ketamine-induced DLRR was 10.3 min, but NMDA receptor agonistsD-alanine (200 μg) or NMDA (0.

Effects of various dopamine uptake inhibitors on striatal extracellular dopamine levels and behaviours in rats.

In vivo central effects of some dopamine uptake inhibitors were evaluated in both brain microdialysis and behavioural studies in rats, and compared with their in vitro affinities to dopamine uptake sites. IC50 values of GBR12909 (1-[2- bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]-4-(3- phenylpropyl)piperazine), diclofensine, mazindol, amfonelic acid and nomifensine for inhibiting 1 nM [3H]GBR12935 (1-[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine) binding to rat striatal membrane were 7.0, 36, 81, 187 and 290 nM, respectively.

[Increase in extracellular levels of serotonin and amino acids in the rat brain following cyanide-induced energy failure].

We studied the effects of ATP depletion on neurotransmitter release in the rat brain using the microdialysis method. Ringer's solution containing 2 mM sodium cyanide (NaCN) was perfused into the hippocampus and striatum for 60 min via a microdialysis probe, and changes in serotonin (5-HT) and amino acids (glutamate, aspartate and taurine) levels in dialysates were investigated. NaCN perfusion induced a transient 3.

Pharmacokinetic study of trimethadione and its metabolite in blood, liver and brain by microdialysis in conscious, unrestrained rats.

A microdialysis method has been developed in the past two decades to determine levels of drug and endogenous compounds in several organs under physiological conditions. In this study, we determined the pharmacokinetics of the model drug, trimethadione (TMO), and its only metabolite, dimethadione (DMO), in liver, blood and brain by the microdialysis method in freely-moving rats. Sampling times were extended up to 24 hours.

[Central ocular hypotensive effect of noradrenaline].

We investigated the effects of topical and central administration of noradrenaline (NA) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in pigmented rabbits. Unilateral instillation of NA (200 micrograms) produced no significant change in IOP. On the other hand, intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of NA (0.

Suppressive effects of central opioids on delayed type hypersensitivity to trinitrochlorobenzene: comparative study with morphine and electroacupuncture.

We reported previously that electroacupuncture (Acu) applied to the acu-point equivalent to GV4 in the mouse just before the 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) challenge suppressed the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) through endogenous opioidergic systems in the brain, and the pituitary was pivotal in this immunosuppression. The purpose of the present study was to compare the suppressive effects of Acu with those of single, acute doses of morphine on TNCB-DTH in intact and hypophysectomized (HPX) mice. Subcutaneous morphine 10 mg/kg in ddY mice, 30 mg/kg in BALB/c mice or intracisternal morphine 40 micrograms/mouse in BALB/c mice given just before TNCB challenge suppressed (40-53%) the maximal extent of ear swelling at 24 hrs after challenge in intact mice.

[Trial of a small image network system in a radiology department of an university hospital].

This paper describes the construction of an image network system in Shinshu University Hospital, and some of its current issues and advantages. Our discussion is based on our experience with a PACS system. SAIPACS, which was installed in 1990 for use in clinical conferencing and pre- and post-graduate education, and with a new CT and MRI network, which was subsequently introduced in 1993.

Hemodynamic adaptations at birth and neonates delivered vaginally and by Cesarean section.

In order to assess the possible influence of differences in delivery mode on cardiovascular adaptation at birth, we measured left ventricular output and its regional distribution in the major organs sequentially using an echographic technique during the first 96 h of life. We studied 27 normal newborns, of whom 15 were delivered vaginally and 12 by cesarean section. We also measured umbilical arterial and venous catecholamine concentrations.