Diagnostic Accuracy of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with Blood Plasma in a Murine Glioma Model Using Machine Learning.

Objective: Malignant glioma progresses rapidly and shows poor prognosis, but clinically applicable blood plasma-based biochemical tumor markers remain lacking. This study aimed to develop a diagnostic system using probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PESI-MS) and a machine-learning logistic regression model to detect plasma changes at various time points in a murine glioma model.

Methods: We used a syngeneic intracranial orthotopic murine model with GL261 glioma cells.

Optimized Bifrontal Craniotomy: Reducing Risks and Boosting Surgical Results.

Background: Bifrontal craniotomy is one of the most common surgical approaches for dealing with anterior skull base lesions. However, this procedure occasionally presents complications like anosmia, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, infection, and cosmetic problems. Although previous reports suggested various solutions, there remains a need to further refine the procedure to ensure better outcomes.

Reduction of Ovarian Cysts After Endoscopic Surgery for Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Producing Pituitary Adenoma.

A 49-year-old woman presented with irregular menstrual bleeding, elevated estradiol (E2) (665 pg/mL [2441.21 pmol/L]) (reference range [RR]: menstrual period [MP] 20-50 pg/mL; 73.42-183.

The inciting factor for bradycardia in COVID-19 patients: a potential harm of steroid treatment.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a condition caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although several papers have reported the presence bradycardia in patients with COVID-19, the pathophysiology behind this remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the presence of bradycardia in patients with COVID-19.

Subclinical Cushing's Disease with High-Molecular-Weight Forms of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Production.

Production of the high-molecular-weight forms of adrenocorticotropic hormone (big-ACTH) has been reported in a small number of ectopic ACTH syndrome and ACTH-producing pituitary macroadenoma. However, perioperative changes in big-ACTH in patients with subclinical Cushing's disease have not been reported. A 63-year-old woman presented 25 × 20 × 20-mm-sized macroadenoma in the pituitary gland.

Maximal Resection of Gliomas Adjacent to the Corticospinal Tract Using 3-T Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: Gliomas adjacent to the corticospinal tract (CST) should be carefully resected to preserve motor function while achieving maximal surgical resection. Modern high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) enables precise visualization of the residual tumor and intraoperative tractography. We prospectively evaluated the extent of resection and distance between the tumor resection cavity and CST using 3-T iMRI combined with motor evoked potentials (MEP) in glioma surgery.

Cardiac surgery for a right atrial myxoma with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage: a case report.

Background: The timing of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for intracranial hemorrhage is controversial.

Case Presentation: We report the case of an 82-year-old woman who was transferred to our hospital because of a head injury. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, and transthoracic echocardiography revealed a giant right atrial myxoma.

Renal Vein Thrombosis Occurring in Association with Oral Contraceptives: A Case Report.

Peripheral venous thromboembolism is a well-known complication of hormonal contraception, but reports on its association with visceral vein thrombosis is limited. We report the case of left renal vein thrombosis (RVT) associated with oral contraceptives (OCs) and concurrent smoking. The clinical presentation of this patient was acute left flank pain.

Analysis of vascular perfusion territory using selective intraarterial injection CT angiography before and after revascularization surgery in patients with moyamoya disease.

Objective: In moyamoya disease (MMD), blood flow to the internal carotid artery (ICA) system is supplied via the basal fine vascular network, leptomeningeal anastomoses, and transdural collateral vessels from the external carotid artery (ECA). After revascularization, there is a dramatic change in cerebral perfusion to the ECA system. Understanding this shift in blood supply is important for evaluating treatment efficacy and elucidating the postoperative pathophysiology.

Clinical characteristics of adrenal insufficiency induced by pembrolizumab in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background And Aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the clinical outcomes of many cancer types, but they induce a range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Although adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare irAE, it can lead to serious consequences. This study aimed to determine the clinical features of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who developed AI following pembrolizumab treatment.

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus due to pneumocephalus after suprasellar arachnoid cyst fenestration with transsphenoidal surgery: illustrative case.

Background: Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) requires prompt diagnosis and treatment, particularly after neurosurgical procedures for cerebral damage. Here, the authors reported an extremely rare case of suprasellar arachnoid cyst presenting with NCSE after cyst fenestration with transsphenoidal surgery, which was associated with pneumocephalus.

Observations: A 61-year-old man presented with visual impairment and was diagnosed with a suprasellar arachnoid cyst on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism caused by idiopathic ovarian vein thrombosis.

Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is observed in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. It is occasionally diagnosed during the postpartum period or in patients with ovarian malignancy. Few cases of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) caused by OVT have been reported previously.

Relationship between Shear Stiffness Measured by MR Elastography and Perfusion Metrics Measured by Perfusion CT of Meningiomas.

Background And Purpose: When managing meningiomas, intraoperative tumor consistency and histologic subtype are indispensable factors influencing operative strategy. The purposes of this study were the following: 1) to investigate the correlation between stiffness assessed with MR elastography and perfusion metrics from perfusion CT, 2) to evaluate whether MR elastography and perfusion CT could predict intraoperative tumor consistency, and 3) to explore the predictive value of stiffness and perfusion metrics in distinguishing among histologic subtypes of meningioma.

Materials And Methods: Mean tumor stiffness and relative perfusion metrics (blood flow, blood volume, and MTT) were calculated (relative to normal brain tissue) for 14 patients with meningiomas who underwent MR elastography and perfusion CT before surgery (cohort 1).

A case of plastic bronchitis after mitral valve surgery in an adult.

Plastic bronchitis is a rare and fatal disease that is characterized by the presence of long dendritic bronchial casts in the airway. It is encountered most frequently in children with congenital heart disease after correction surgery. We reported a case of plastic bronchitis after mitral valve surgery in a 70-year-old woman.

Anterior Approach Combined with Endoscopic Fluorescence Video Angiography for a Cervical Perimedullary Arteriovenous Fistula.

Background: Perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (pAVFs) of the anterior cervical spinal cord are rare and difficult to eradicate by surgery because of the limitations of the approach routes. Because of the anatomic relationships, an anterior approach with corpectomy can provide direct observation. However, a narrow corridor to the lesion is the drawback of this approach.

Left-Right and Upper-Lower Light Sensitivity Asymmetry in Visual Field Defects Caused by Pituitary Adenoma: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantitatively investigate light sensitivity asymmetry both between left and right eyes and between upper and lower quadrant in the 30-degree visual field of patients with visual field defects caused by pituitary adenoma.

Patients And Methods: Preoperative Humphrey 30-2 perimetry results were reviewed retrospectively using the charts of 28 pituitary adenoma patients who underwent surgery. Inter-eye light sensitivity comparisons of the temporal and nasal hemifields between the left and right eyes were conducted in each patient to study left-right asymmetry.

Endoscope-Integrated Fluorescence Video Angiography for the Surgery of Ventrally Located Perimedullary Arteriovenous Fistula at Craniocervical Junction.

Background: Intraoperative confirmation of the vascular anatomy and blood flow contributes to the safety of the surgery for perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVF). However, because the PAVF at the craniocervical junction (CCJ) is mainly located on the ventral spinal cord surface, it is difficult to observe the entire pathology by a conventional surgical approach. To achieve increased viewing angle and visualization of real time blood flow, we introduced endoscope-integrated fluorescein video angiography in the treatment for PAVF at the CCJ for the first time.

[Usual Relationship to Support Sudden Discharge-Coordination Starting from Pre-Discharge Support Considered through a Case Report of Supporting a Patient with ALS].

Due to promotion of home medical care, the number of patients who highly depend on medical care is increasing. Therefore, the role of pre-discharge conferences where a care manager is involved starting from pre-discharge support has become more important. In addition, in a usual relationship, cooperation between the hospital staff and the home care support team is crucial.

Efficacy of Intraarterial Fluorescence Video Angiography in Surgery for Dural and Perimedullary Arteriovenous Fistula at Craniocervical Junction.

Objective: Confirming the exact location of a fistula and the origins of draining veins during surgery for dural and perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) is crucial but sometimes inadequately performed, which can result in incomplete elimination of the lesion. Intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for confirming the hemodynamics of an AVF; however, it cannot reveal the location of an AVF in the operative field. In this study, the efficacy of intraoperative intraarterial fluorescence video angiography during surgery for craniocervical junction dural and perimedullary AVFs was investigated.

GH/PRL-secreting pituitary macroadenoma associated with GNAS p.Gln227Leu mutation: pediatric case report and review.

GH-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHomas) are rare in the pediatric population. Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating (GNAS) somatic mutations are often found in patients with GHoma. Here, we report an 8-year-old girl with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma successfully treated by operative tumor resection and postoperative treatment with octreotide long-acting release (LAR).

Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region accompanied by growth hormone deficiency: case report and literature review.

Background Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is a rare entity. Its pathology is controversial and it is difficult to strictly differentiate it from craniopharyngioma or Rathke's cyst. Case presentation We report a case of xanthogranuloma accompanied by growth hormone deficiency in an 11-year-old girl.

Enzymatic digest of whey protein and wheylin-1, a dipeptide released in the digest, increase insulin sensitivity in an Akt phosphorylation-dependent manner.

We investigated the effects of the enzymatic digest of β-lactoglobulin, a major bovine milk whey protein, on glucose metabolism in KK-Ay mice, an animal model of type II diabetes. In the glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test (ITT), the thermolysin digest of β-lactoglobulin decreased blood glucose levels, suggesting that it increases insulin sensitivity in diabetic KK-Ay mice. The digest also increased phosphorylation of Akt, an intracellular factor activated in response to the insulin receptor activation, in the liver and skeletal muscle.