Changes in MMPI factor scores: norms for the Welsh A and R dimensions from a contemporary normal sample.

Welsh developed scales A (anxiety/maladjustment) and R (repression/control) as measures of two of the underlying dimensions of the MMPI. They are among the most frequently used of the supplemental scales for the MMPI. However, there have been significant changes in MMPI response patterns when profiles from contemporary normal people are compared with the original Minnesota normal sample from which the original MMPI norms were derived more than 40 years ago.

Contemporary norms for the Wiggins Content Scales: a 45-year update.

The Wiggins Content Scales (WCS) continue to be popular among clinicians. However, MMPI profile patterns across the basic scales have shown significant changes since the inception of the MMPI in 1937. Therefore, the possibility of similar changes on the WCS was investigated.

A new look for the old MMPI scales: contemporary norms for the Augmented Purdue Subscales.

Content scales for the MMPI continue to hold considerable interest for clinicians. On the basis of a critique of prior research in this area, a new set of content-homogeneous subscales, the Augmented Purdue Subscales (APS), were developed for the basic MMPI scales. Norms for the APS then were derived from the MMPI response patterns of a large, randomly selected sample of contemporary normal persons.

The effects of age, epinephrine, and operative site on duration of caudal analgesia in pediatric patients.

The effects of age, operative site (penoscrotal or inguinal), and the addition of epinephrine 1:200,000 to bupivacaine on duration of postoperative analgesia after caudal block were prospectively and blindly evaluated in 341 children aged 13 months to 17 yrs. At the conclusion of the surgical procedures under halothane/N2O/O2 anesthetics (n = 419), caudal blocks were performed with 0.5 ml/kg of either 0.

Bilateral Wilms tumor.

Despite institutional variation in the treatment of synchronous bilateral Wilms tumor, a 76 per cent over-all 3-year survival rate has been achieved. We reviewed 145 patients with stage V disease (synchronous bilateral Wilms tumor) registered with National Wilms Tumor Studies 2 and 3. The majority of the patients (94, or 65 per cent) underwent initial surgical resection followed by chemotherapy with or without radiation, with a 3-year survival rate of 82 per cent.

Resiliency reconsidered: contemporary MMPI normative data for Barron's Ego Strength Scale.

Although it is more than 30 years old, Es remains one of the most frequently scored of the MMPI supplemental scales. However, there have been significant changes in MMPI response patterns among adults since the Es scale was first developed. New normative tables for the Es scale based on a contemporary census-matched sample of normal adults are presented along with figures that illustrate changes associated with age and sex.

Isolated asymptomatic microhematuria: a cross-sectional analysis of test-positive and test-negative patients.

The relationship of asymptomatic microhematuria to urologic disease in a general population was studied by using population-based data resources in Rochester, Minnesota, to identify 635 patients with isolated asymptomatic microhematuria (AMs) and 635 controls. Prevalences of minor urologic diseases were 41.8% in those with positive tests (AMs) and 36.

Intermediate follow-up and predicted survival after the modified Fontan procedure for tricuspid atresia and double-inlet ventricle.

We reviewed the records of 135 patients with tricuspid atresia and 120 patients with double-inlet ventricle who underwent modified Fontan procedure from 1973 to June 1985. This represents 67% of the total number of patients undergoing the procedure during this period. There were 32 (12%) in-hospital deaths (14 tricuspid atresia, 18 double-inlet ventricle) and 23 late deaths (13 tricuspid atresia, 10 double-inlet ventricle).

Suppressive therapy with levothyroxine for solitary thyroid nodules. A double-blind controlled clinical study.

Thyroid nodules are present in up to 50 percent of adults in the fifth decade of life. Patients are often treated with thyroxine in order to reduce the size of the nodule, but the efficacy of thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with thyroxine remains uncertain. In this study, 53 patients with a colloid solitary thyroid nodule confirmed by biopsy were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive placebo (n = 25) or levothyroxine (n = 28) for six months.

Blood pressure determinants in living-related renal allograft donors and their recipients.

We studied 99 living related allograft donors with follow-up information of at least 10 years and the 50 recipients who had successful outcomes. Recipients were younger and had significantly lower blood pressures at follow-up than their donors. Borderline and definite hypertension were present in 22.

Validity of the MacAndrew scale in a general medical population.

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was scored for the MacAndrew (MAC) Scale in a series of samples totaling 14,789 subjects. These samples included 1077 substance-dependent patients (739 men), 7090 selected medical outpatients (2853 men), 5000 unselected medical outpatients (2500 men), 214 psychiatric inpatients (92 men) and 1408 contemporary normal (646 men). Overall, the MAC Scale correctly classified only 70.

Renal involvement in relapsing polychondritis.

Twenty-nine of the 129 patients with RP seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1943 and 1984 had renal involvement. These patients were older, had arthritis and extrarenal vasculitis more frequently, and had a significantly worse survival rate than those without renal involvement. Renal biopsies were obtained in 11 of these 29 patients.

Effect of aging on vitamin D stores and bone density in women.

It has been suggested that the decrease in vitamin D stores with aging is a contributory cause of age-related osteoporosis. We studied this question by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) of the mid-radius, distal radius, and lumbar spine assessed by single and dual photon absorptiometry in 122 women, aged 33-94 years, selected from a random sample of Rochester, MN residents. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), the major storage form of vitamin D, as well as 25OHD3 (representing both endogenous and exogenous sources of vitamin D), and 25OHD2 (representing only exogenous sources).

Role of nitrous oxide and other factors in postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized and blinded prospective study.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been reported to be associated with the use of nitrous oxide. To further investigate this possibility, 780 patients undergoing anesthesia and surgery were randomly divided into four groups: group I: enflurane/nitrous oxide/oxygen; group II: enflurane/air/oxygen; group III: isoflurane/nitrous oxide/oxygen; and group IV: isoflurane/air/oxygen. The frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting was ascertained in the recovery room and at 24-h follow-up by blinded observers.

A short test of mental status: description and preliminary results.

A short test of mental status (encompassing about 5 minutes) was administered to 93 consecutive neurologic outpatients without dementia, 67 outpatients with Alzheimer-type dementia, and 20 outpatients with dementia of miscellaneous causes. The mean scores for patients with Alzheimer-type dementia were lower than those for the nondemented patients in the total scoring and on all subtests (P less than 0.001).

A clinical and autopsy study of dementia in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980-1981.

The clinical records and autopsy protocols were studied from 350 cases in which an autopsy was done in Olmsted County, MN, in 1980 and 1981. Overall autopsy rate was 33.6%, and autopsy rate for those aged 60 years or more was 29%.

Analysis of risk factors for patient and renal survival in crescentic glomerulonephritis.

A series of 57 patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis was studied retrospectively to estimate patient and renal survival and to analyze the variables that affect these end points. Renal survival was 47% at 6 months for patients with idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and 33% for patients with antiglomerular basement membrane disease. Most patients in these two groups presented with advanced renal insufficiency.

A case-control study of smoking habits, dementia, and other illnesses in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

From 1967 to 1979, 118 incident cases of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) and 236 age- and sex-matched controls from Rochester, MN, were identified. Medical records on patients and controls for 40 years preceding the diagnosis of IPD were reviewed. The relative risk (RR) for ever-smoked and IPD was not significantly different from unity (RR = 0.

Higher risk of lung cancer in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A prospective, matched, controlled study.

To assess the risk of lung cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we matched, on the basis of age, sex, occupation, and smoking history, 113 persons ("cases") who had a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 70% or less of predicted normal with 113 control persons who had an FEV1 of 85% or more. All persons were observed from 1973-74 through 1984 for a diagnosis of lung cancer, death from lung cancer, and death from any cause. At entry, subjects had an age range of 45 to 59 years; men numbered 186 and women 40.

Asymptomatic microhematuria and urologic disease. A population-based study.

Asymptomatic microhematuria is a common finding, occurring in 13% of adult men and postmenopausal women in Rochester, Minn. Previous recommendations to perform cystoscopic and excretory urographic examinations on all patients with this finding were based on findings in referred patients. In the present population-based study, the frequency of serious urologic disease in patients with asymptomatic microhematuria was 2.

Normative tables for the F-K index of the MMPI based on a contemporary normal sample.

Recent work with the F-K index of the MMPI has reaffirmed its usefulness for identifying dissimulation. However, the potential usefulness of any index of malingering is dependent on its frequency of occurrence in the normal population. This article presents normative tables for the F-K index based on a contemporary normative sample of 335 normal women and 304 normal men.

Rates of bone loss in the appendicular and axial skeletons of women. Evidence of substantial vertebral bone loss before menopause.

We made longitudinal measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) in 139 normal women (ages 20-88 yr) at midradius (99% cortical bone) and lumbar spine (approximately 70% trabecular bone) by single- and dual-photon absorptiometry. BMD was measured 2-6 (median, 3) times over an interval of 0.8-3.