Compression of a Stearic Acid Surfactant Layer on Water Investigated by Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

We present a combined Langmuir-Pockels trough and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) study of the compression of stearic acid surfactant layers on neat water. Changes in the packing density of the molecules are directly determined from C 1s and O 1s APXPS data. The experimental data are fit with a 2D model for the stearic acid coverage.

[Environmental Justice: Subjective Heat Exposure as a Result of Climate Change in Contrasting Urban Neighborhoods].

Background: The City of Dresden has no data on the perception of climate change and the associated increase in the average temperature during summer times yet. The data are needed to develop targeted action for vulnerable groups.

Method: To close this gap, a representative survey of the population was carried out in Dresden in 2017.

Implicit Partitioned Cardiovascular Fluid-Structure Interaction of the Heart Cycle Using Non-newtonian Fluid Properties and Orthotropic Material Behavior.

Although image-based methods like MRI are well-developed, numerical simulation can help to understand human heart function. This function results from a complex interplay of biochemistry, structural mechanics, and blood flow. The complexity of the entire system often causes one of the three parts to be neglected, which limits the truth to reality of the reduced model.

The progressive wave pump: numerical multiphysics investigation of a novel pump concept with potential to ventricular assist device application.

This article describes the numerical fluid-structure interaction (FSI) validation of a new pumping concept and the possibility for application of a further developed type, as an implantable ventricular assist device (VAD). The novel principle of the so-called progressive wave pump is based on the interaction of an elastic membrane actuated by forced excitation with a surrounding fluid and the pump housing. By applying forced vibrations to one end of the membrane, a transversal wave builds up and progresses to the far end generating both a positive pressure gradient and flow rate.

Effects of teriparatide in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis pre-treated with bisphosphonates: 36-month results from the European Forsteo Observational Study.

Objectives: To describe fracture rates, back pain, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and prior bisphosphonate therapy, treated with teriparatide for up to 18 months and followed up for a further 18 months.

Design: Prospective, multinational, and observational study.

Methods: Data on prior bisphosphonate use, clinical fractures, back pain visual analog scale (VAS), and HRQoL (EQ-5D) were collected over 36 months.

Fluid-structure interaction simulation of an avian flight model.

A three-dimensional numerical avian model was developed to investigate the unsteady and turbulent aerodynamic performance of flapping wings for varying wingbeat frequencies and flow velocities (up to 12 Hz and 9 m s(-1)), corresponding to a reduced frequency range of k=0.22 to k=1.0 and a Reynolds number range of Re=16,000 to Re=50,000.

Changes in cross-sectional area of spinal canal and vertebral body under 2 years of teriparatide treatment: results from the EUROFORS study.

The treatment of osteoporotic patients with teriparatide is associated with a significant increase in bone formation and gain of bone mass. The purpose of this post hoc analysis was to determine if the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the spinal canal and the vertebral body is affected by teriparatide treatment. Narrowing of the spinal canal might represent a safety problem, while widening of the vertebral CSA might improve mechanical stability.

Partitioned fluid-solid coupling for cardiovascular blood flow: validation study of pressure-driven fluid-domain deformation.

The Karlsruhe Heart Model (KaHMo) is a patient-specific simulation tool for a three-dimensional blood flow evaluation inside the human heart. Whereas KaHMo MRT is based on geometry movement identified from MRT data, KaHMo FSI allows the consideration of structural properties and the analysis of FSI. Previous investigations by Oertel et al.

Partitioned fluid-solid coupling for cardiovascular blood flow: left-ventricular fluid mechanics.

We present a 3D code-coupling approach which has been specialized towards cardiovascular blood flow. For the first time, the prescribed geometry movement of the cardiovascular flow model KaHMo (Karlsruhe Heart Model) has been replaced by a myocardial composite model. Deformation is driven by fluid forces and myocardial response, i.

Comparative effects of teriparatide and strontium ranelate on bone biopsies and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

We assessed the effects on bone remodeling and histomorphometry after daily subcutaneous injections of teriparatide (n = 39, 20 microg/d) or oral strontium ranelate (SrR, n = 40, 2 g/d) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Evaluable biopsies were obtained from 29 patients in the teriparatide group and 22 in the SrR group after 6 mo of treatment. The mean +/- SD mineralization surfaces as a percent of bone surfaces (MS/BS, %) at the trabecular level were 7.

Fluid-dynamic modeling of the human left ventricle: methodology and application to surgical ventricular reconstruction.

Background: The efficacy of surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) for ischemic cardiomyopathy has never been truly quantified. Methods to assess ventricular flow have not been applied to these patients. The objective is to develop a volume-independent technique for assessing the effects of ischemic remodeling and SVR on left ventricular blood flow dynamics.

MRI-based CFD analysis of flow in a human left ventricle: methodology and application to a healthy heart.

A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been developed to simulate the flow in a pumping left ventricle. The proposed method uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to provide a patient specific, time dependent geometry of the ventricle to be simulated. Standard clinical imaging procedures were used in this study.

Effects of previous antiresorptive therapy on the bone mineral density response to two years of teriparatide treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Introduction: EUROFORS was a 2-yr prospective, randomized trial of postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis, designed to investigate various sequential treatments after teriparatide 20 microg/d for 1 yr. The present secondary analysis examined the effects of 2 yr of open-label teriparatide in women previously treated with antiresorptive drugs for at least 1 yr.

Methods: A subgroup of 245 women with osteoporosis who had 2 yr of teriparatide treatment were stratified by previous predominant antiresorptive treatment into four groups: alendronate (n=107), risedronate (n=59), etidronate (n=30), and non-bisphosphonate (n=49).

Skeletal pain in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: prevalence and course during raloxifene treatment in a prospective observational study of 6 months duration.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of skeletal pain in postmenopausal women before the onset of raloxifene treatment and the further course of pain during treatment in a naturalistic setting.

Research Design And Methods: Prospective, uncontrolled, multicentre, 6-month, observational study in Germany. Clinical, diagnostic and pain data were collected at baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months of raloxifene treatment from 3299 female outpatients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Fluid-structure coupled CFD simulation of the left ventricular flow during filling phase.

The fluid-structure coupled simulation of the heart, though at its developing stage, has shown great prospect in heart function investigations and clinical applications. The purpose of this paper is to verify a commercial software based fluid-structure interaction scheme for the left ventricular filling. The scheme applies the finite volume method to discretize the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations for the fluid while using the nonlinear finite element method to model the structure.

Night sleep EEG and daytime sleep propensity in adult hypopituitary patients with growth hormone deficiency before and after six months of growth hormone replacement.

Background: Hypopituitary patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) complain of reduced vitality, general fatigue, lack of concentration, irritability and reduced alertness during daytime. It is unclear whether these symptoms are primarily due to GH-deficiency and/or secondary to GHD related sleep impairments. Bi-directional interactions between the somatotropic system and human sleep patterns are well established.

The effect of growth hormone substitution on cognitive performance in adult patients with hypopituitarism.

Objective: Adult hypopituitary patients with growth hormone deficiency, though on adequate adrenal, thyroid or sex hormone replacement therapy, complain of attention and memory disabilities. During the past years several studies have evidenced that growth hormone (GH) may exert distinctive effects on the central nervous system and induce beneficial effects on psychological capabilities. The aim of our study was to determine whether a long-term replacement therapy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) affects cognitive performance in adults with GH deficiency.

Endocrine rhythms in patients with restless legs syndrome.

There is increased evidence that the dopaminergic system plays a major role in the pathophysiology of the restless legs syndrome (RLS). Dopamine is the major inhibitory factor of prolactin release and also influences growth hormone (hGH) secretion. The aim of this study was to measure the endocrine activity of RLS patients, to compare it with that of normal subjects and to detect possibly altered patterns of hormonal secretion in RLS patients.

Effects of Psoroptes ovis infection and its control with an ivermectin controlled-release capsule on growing sheep. 2. Evaluation of wool production and leather value.

To evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule (IVM-CRC) on the productivity of growing sheep infested with Psoroptes ovis 24 male and 24 female Merino landrace lambs, 5-6 months old and weighing 21.2-35.0 kg, were used.

Spontaneous regression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Spontaneous regression of cancer is a rare phenomenon seldom described in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. A case of spontaneous regression of hepatocellular carcinoma is reported and compared with the reports published in the English literature. A 52-yr-old man presented with biopsy-proven hepatocellular carcinoma, which was considered to be unresectable at initial laparotomy.

Difference in expression of Helicobacter pylori gastritis in antrum and body.

Seven hundred seventy biopsy specimens obtained from 10 different sites in stomachs of 77 patients were examined for the presence of active chronic gastritis (ACG) and Helicobacter pylori to investigate the characteristics of gastritis in the antrum and body. Forty-eight patients with ACG at one or more sites were all H. pylori positive.