Identifying return to work trajectories among employees on sick leave due to mental health problems using latent class transition analysis.

Objectives: To develop effective return to work (RTW) interventions for employees on sick leave due to mental health problems (MHPs), a better understanding of individual variation in the RTW process is needed. We investigated which RTW trajectories can be identified among employees with MHPs in terms of RTW duration and relapse occurrence during the RTW process. Additionally, we examined how different RTW trajectories can be described in terms of personal and work characteristics.

Motivating job characteristics and happiness at work: A multilevel perspective.

Employees may react differently to the perceived availability of motivating job characteristics during work activities, depending on the degree to which such motivating job characteristics are also present at the job level and individual differences. This study expands Job Characteristics Theory (JCT) by using a multilevel approach to predict how variations in motivating job characteristics relate to employee happiness during daily work activities. Based on adaptation level theory and the affective-reactivity hypothesis, we predicted that the positive relationship between perceived motivating job characteristics and happiness during work activities is moderated by motivating job characteristics at the job level and individual differences in trait positive affect.

Balancing Demands and Resources in Sport: Adaptation and Validation of the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Questionnaire for Use in Sport.

Too high demands, combined with a lack of resources, are often detrimental to athletic health and well-being. However, a valid and reliable instrument to investigate different dimensions of demands and resources in sport is currently unavailable. Therefore, the present study examines the psychometric properties of an existing and well-validated survey instrument on demands and resources at task-level that was adapted to sport.

Physical recovery, mental detachment and sleep as predictors of injury and mental energy.

Although sports activities are generally considered beneficial to people's health and well-being, they can cause injuries and increased fatigue. Guided by the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Recovery Model, this study hypothesized that physical recovery and mental detachment from sport-related activities would prevent injury and enhance mental energy. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among 161 recreational athletes.

Momentary Work Happiness as a Function of Enduring Burnout and Work Engagement.

The present study (N = 136) combined global measures with specific, experience-based measures to investigate how enduring job burnout and engagement influence the impact of daily work activities on momentary need satisfaction and happiness. We used the day reconstruction method (DRM) to ask employees from various occupations to reconstruct their working days. On the basis of employee work engagement and self-determination theories, we hypothesized that time spent on (a) core work tasks; (b) administrative work tasks; (c) client interactions; (d) interactions with colleagues; and (e) meetings would be negatively related to need satisfaction on the task level for employees high (vs.

Burnout and daily recovery: a day reconstruction study.

What can employees who are at risk of burnout do in their off-job time to recover adequately from their work? Extending the effort-recovery theory, we hypothesize that the continuation of work during off-job time results in lower daily recovery, whereas engagement in 'nonwork' activities (low-effort, social, and physical activities) results in higher daily recovery for employees who are at risk of burnout versus employees with low levels of burnout. A day reconstruction method was used to assess daily time spent on off-job activities after work, and daily recovery levels (i.e.

Work happiness among teachers: a day reconstruction study on the role of self-concordance.

Self-concordant work motivation arises from one's authentic choices, personal values, and interests. In the present study, we investigated whether self-concordant motivation may fluctuate from one work-related task to the next. On the basis of self-determination theory, we hypothesized that momentary self-concordance buffers the negative impact of momentary work demands on momentary happiness.

An online survey of exercise-related headaches among cyclists.

Background: Primary exertional headache (PEH) is a long-known phenomenon. Divergent prevalences of between 0.2 and 12.

Finding the key to happy aging: a day reconstruction study of happiness.

Objectives: The main aim of this study was to examine the roles of physical passivity and extraversion in the relationship between daily engagement in activities and daily happiness among older adults.

Method: A day reconstruction method was used to accurately examine day-to-day activities and happiness. In total, 438 participants completed a monthly electronic diary survey over a 2-year period, generating 79,181 reported activities and momentary happiness scores.

The prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease. A self-reported, community-based survey.

Objective: Sleep disruption is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The goal of our survey was to gain insight into the causes of sleep disruption and into the prevalence of specific sleep disorders in PD.

Method: A sleep questionnaire was mailed to 400 unselected PD patients.

Non-ketotic hyperglycemia in a young woman, presenting as hemiballism-hemichorea.

We report a 22-year-old girl presenting with acute onset left sided hemiballism-hemichorea (HH) and non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH). Initial brain CT revealed faint hyperdensities, sharply confined to the contralateral nucleus caudatus and putamen. Sequential MRI investigations yielded increasing hypersignal intensities on T1-weighted images and resolving hypodensities on T2-weighted images of the right striatum, leaving small sequelae in the head of the right caudate nucleus.

Dropped head syndrome and bent spine syndrome: two separate clinical entities or different manifestations of axial myopathy?

Four elderly women are reported on with myopathies manifesting with isolated or predominant involvement of the paraspinal musculature. In three, the neck extensors were affected foremost, leading to "dropped head syndrome". In one, weakness of the thoracic paraspinal muscles caused "bent spine syndrome".

Primary cerebellar nocardiosis and alveolar proteinosis.

We report a patient with known asymptomatic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) who developed a cerebellar gait disorder and dysarthria caused by an isolated cerebellar nocardial abscess. To our knowledge only 1 patient with PAP and isolated central nervous system nocardia infection has previously been reported. In this early report, diagnosis was established at autopsy.