A novel post-1950 CE atmospheric C record for the tropics using absolutely dated tree rings in the equatorial Amazon.

In this study, we present a comprehensive atmospheric radiocarbon (C) record spanning from 1940 to 2016, derived from 77 single tree rings of Cedrela odorata located in the Eastern Amazon Basin (EAB). This record, comprising 175 high-precision C measurements obtained through accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), offers a detailed chronology of post-1950 CE (Common Era) C fluctuations in the Tropical Low-Pressure Belt (TLPB). To ensure accuracy and reliability, we included C-AMS results from intra-annual successive cuts of the tree rings associated to the calendar years 1962 and 1963 and conducted interlaboratory comparisons.

Radiocarbon and wood anatomy as complementary tools for generating tree-ring records in Bolivia.

The science of tropical dendrochronology is now emerging in regions where tree-ring dating had previously not been considered possible. Here, we combine wood anatomical microsectioning techniques and radiocarbon analysis to produce the first tree-ring chronology with verified annual periodicity for a new dendrochronological species, (commonly known as "algarrobo blanco") in the tropical Andes of Bolivia. First, we generated a preliminary chronology composed of six trees using traditional dendrochronological methods (i.

High-precision C measurements of parenchyma-rich Hymenolobium petraeum tree species confirm bomb-peak atmospheric levels and reveal local fossil-fuel CO emissions in the Central Amazon.

Atmospheric radiocarbon (C) recorded in tree rings has been widely used for atmospheric C calibration purposes and climate studies. But atmospheric C records have been limited along tropical latitudes. Here we report a sequence from 1938 to 2007 of precisely measured C dates in tree rings of the parenchyma-rich Hymenolobium petraeum tree species (Porto Trombetas, 1°S, 56°W) from the Central Brazilian Amazon.

Emotional and behavioural problems in children and adolescents with primary headache.

Psychiatric co-morbidity is an important risk factor for chronification of primary headache into adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent and clinical relevance of emotional and behavioural problems in children and adolescents with primary headache. Children and adolescents (n = 128) with primary headache (International Headache Society, codes 1.

Olfactory and trigeminal event-related potentials in migraine.

Background: Trigeminal/neuronal hyperexcitability and spreading depression activating the trigemino-vascular system are discussed in migraine-pathophysiology. This study investigated trigeminal and olfactory event-related potentials in migraineurs.

Methods: Nasal chemosensitivity was assessed in 19 female migraineurs with or without aura > 72 h before or after an attack and in 19 healthy females employing event-related cortical potentials (ERPs) after specific trigeminal stimulation of nasal nociceptors with short pulses of CO2, and specific olfactory stimulation with H2S.

Visual evoked potentials in migraine patients: alterations depend on pattern spatial frequency.

Visual information is conducted by two parallel pathways (luminance- and contour-processing pathways) which are thought to be differentially affected in migraine and can be investigated by means of pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Components and habituation of VEPs at four spatial frequencies were compared between 26 migraineurs (13 without aura, MO; 13 with aura, MA) and 28 healthy volunteers. Migraineurs were recorded in the headache-free interval (at least 72 h before and after an attack).

Retrospective analysis of the frequency and recognition of adverse drug reactions by means of automatically recorded laboratory signals.

Aims: To estimate the frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) identified through the use of automatic signals generated from laboratory data (ALS) in hospitalised patients. To determine the frequency of spontaneous recognition of these ADRs by the attending physicians and to assess the potential value of ALS for detection of ADRs.

Methods: Laboratory results of patients hospitalised in a nine bed medical ward were automatically recorded over a period of 17 months.

Application of microdialysis for the determination of muscle and subcutaneous tissue concentrations after oral and topical ibuprofen administration.

Background: The topical administration of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is widely used for the treatment of soft tissue pain. However, it is not known whether effective tissue concentrations are reached with the topical route.

Objective: To evaluate and compare unbound muscle and subcutaneous tissue ibuprofen concentrations with use of microdialysis after topical and oral administration.

Pharmacokinetics of imipenem-cilastatin in critically ill patients undergoing continuous venovenous hemofiltration.

The pharmacokinetics of imipenem-cilastatin were investigated in 12 critically ill patients with acute renal failure (ARF) managed by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) while receiving a fixed combination of 500 mg of imipenem-cilastatin intravenously three or four times daily. No adverse drug reactions were observed. Plasma and hemofiltrate samples were taken at specified times during one dosing interval, and the concentrations of imipenem and cilastatin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Disposition and effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers in human serum and blister fluid.

Aims: To investigate the pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of flurbiprofen and inhibition of prostanoid production in blister fluid and serum.

Methods: Eleven healthy volunteers received 75 mg R-, 75 mg S-flurbiprofen or no medication in a randomized 3-way cross-over study. Flurbiprofen concentrations were determined by h.

A new reliable chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for prostaglandin E2 using enhanced luminol as substrate.

A sensitive and reliable chemiluminescence immunoassay suitable for the quantitative determination of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been developed using 96 well microtiter plates (MTP). The assay is based on a competitive reaction between a highly specific monoclonal anti-PGE2 antibody (mouse), free antigen and solid phase bound antigen. The MTP was first coated with a bovine serum albumin (BSA)-PGE2 conjugate.

Transfer of different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs via the lymphatic system in the rat.

The motility of lymphatic vessels is regulated by arachidonate metabolites and can, therefore, be altered by cyclooxygenase blockers such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). To investigate the transfer of different NSAIDs via the lymphatic system, pharmacokinetics in plasma and lymph after peroral administration of three model compounds (namely, racemic ibuprofen, tenoxicam, and nabumetone) were investigated in rats. Microsurgical cannulation of the thoracic duct allowed cumulative sampling of lymph fluid up to 48 hr (N = 16).

Lymph distribution of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs assessed by microsurgical cannulation of the thoracic duct in rat.

The motility of lymphatic vessels is regulated by arachidonate metabolites and, therefore, can be altered by cyclo-oxygenase blockers such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In order to investigate the lymphotropic properties of different NSAIDs, pharmacokinetics in plasma and lymph following intragastric administration of three model compounds, namely racemic ibuprofen, tenoxicam and nabumetone, were investigated in rats. Microsurgical cannulation of the thoracic duct allowed cumulative sampling of lymph fluid up to 48 hrs (n = 16).