Modularity of PRC1 composition and chromatin interaction define condensate properties.

Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms condensates in vitro and in cells that are proposed to contribute to the maintenance of repression. However, how chromatin and the various subunits of PRC1 contribute to condensation is largely unexplored.

Child abuse and neglect during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple child health experts postulated that the stay-at-home orders would negatively impact child abuse and neglect.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child abuse and neglect in children ages 18 and under; and review author recommendations for future emergency lockdown procedures.

Methods: We completed a systematic search of articles across five databases.

Modularity of PRC1 Composition and Chromatin Interaction define Condensate Properties.

Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC) play a key role in gene repression and are indispensable for proper development. Canonical PRC1 forms condensates and in cells and the ability of PRC1 to form condensates has been proposed to contribute to maintenance of repression. However, how chromatin and the various subunits of PRC1 contribute to condensation is largely unexplored.

The cognitive control mechanism of improving emotion regulation: A high-definition tDCS and ERP study.

Background: Cognitive reappraisal as a commonly used emotion regulation strategy includes reinterpretation and detachment and is associated with the activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, the neuroenhancement mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over DLPFC that modulate cognitive reappraisal are not yet fully understood. This work aims to verify the causal role of DLPFC in different tactics of cognitive reappraisal and further explore the cognitive control mechanisms of emotion regulation.

Meditation Quality Matters: Effects of Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditations on Subjective Well-being are Associated with Meditation Quality.

Unlabelled: Loving-kindness and compassion meditations (LKCM) are considered a promising practice for increasing long-term well-being. While previous studies have mainly focused on meditation practice quantity, the current study provides an initial exploration of the quality of meditation during multiweek LKCM training. Data were collected through offline (Study 1;  = 41) and online (Study 2;  = 243) LKCM interventions.

Efficacy and moderators of cognitive therapy versus behavioural activation for adults with depression: study protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Background: Cognitive therapy and behavioural activation are both widely applied and effective psychotherapies for depression, but it is unclear which works best for whom. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis allows for examining moderators at the participant level and can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analysis, which is based on study-level data.

Aims: This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and IPD meta-analysis that aims to compare the efficacy of cognitive therapy and behavioural activation for adults with depression, and to explore moderators of treatment effect.

A New Second-Generation Mindfulness-Based Intervention Focusing on Well-Being: A Randomized Control Trial of Mindfulness-Based Positive Psychology.

Unlabelled: Second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs) align well with positive psychology philosophy and practices, but trials of SG-MBIs have largely focused on ill-being. This study developed a mindfulness-based positive psychology (MBPP) intervention integrating positive psychology with an SG-MBI to enhance well-being. A randomized control trial was performed to compare MBPP with a waitlist condition among 138 Chinese participants.

Test anxiety impairs inhibitory control processes in a performance evaluation threat situation: Evidence from ERP.

Attentional Control Theory proposes that test anxiety impairs inhibitory control, and high test anxiety (HTA) individuals often allocate greater top-down attentional control resources to maintain comparable task performance compared to low test anxiety (LTA) individuals. This study examined how test anxiety impairs inhibitory control. Eighty participants were required to perform a hybrid Go/Nogo Flanker task in the performance evaluation threat or no performance evaluation threat conditions, while behavioral and EEG data were recorded.

A Polycomb domain found in committed cells impairs differentiation when introduced into PRC1 in pluripotent cells.

The CBX family of proteins is central to proper mammalian development via key roles in Polycomb-mediated maintenance of repression. CBX proteins in differentiated lineages have chromatin compaction and phase separation activities that might contribute to maintaining repressed chromatin. The predominant CBX protein in pluripotent cells, CBX7, lacks the domain required for these activities.

Self-Esteem Moderates the Effect of Compromising Thinking on Forgiveness Among Chinese Early Adolescents.

Forgiveness contributes to positive social relationships, which is critical for individual development, particularly for early adolescents. Most previous studies focused on the unique roles of cognitive factors (e.g.

The effect of four Immeasurables meditations on depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Four Immeasurables Meditations (FIM) intervention have been shown as a promising intervention for reducing depressive symptoms. The current study is a systematic review of FIM intervention effects on depressive symptoms. Among 192 empirical research articles on FIM published before May 2019, 40 independent trials from 35 records measured depressive symptoms.

The Effect of Parental Phubbing on Teenager's Mobile Phone Dependency Behaviors: The Mediation Role of Subjective Norm and Dependency Intention.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine (a) the effects of parental phubbing on teenagers' mobile phone dependency and (b) the mediating roles of subjective norm and dependent intention of underlying this relationship.

Methods: We recruited 605 middle school students in Beijing, China and they completed the parental phubbing behaviors, subjective norm, dependency intention, and mobile phone dependency behavior questionnaires.

Results: The results of the structure equation modeling revealed that parental phubbing behaviors significantly increased teenager's mobile phone dependency behaviors in two indirect ways.

Parents' Phubbing and Problematic Mobile Phone Use: The Roles of the Parent-Child Relationship and Children's Self-Esteem.

An increasing number of mobile phone users check their phones at any time and place, even during in-person interactions. Such behaviors that interrupt social interactions have been described as phubbing. The present study focused on phubbing behaviors within the context of parent-child households and aimed to examine the associations among parents' phubbing, the parent-child relationship, children's self-esteem, and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) by adolescents.

Psychological Distress and Problematic Mobile Phone Use Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Cognitions and the Moderating Role of Effortful Control.

Previous studies have documented that psychological distress is related to problematic mobile phone use (PMPU), and sporadic research has investigated the potential mechanisms underlying the association. Based on the cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use (PIU), the self-control theory, and the problem-behavior theory, this study aimed to examine the mediating role of maladaptive cognitions toward mobile phones and the moderating role of effortful control between psychological distress and PMPU. Data were collected from 1,799 secondary school students (45.

Who Are the Victims of NGRI Acquittees? A Study of Belgian Internees.

Background: The limited literature on victim characteristics of offenders found not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI) shows that most victims are adults who are known to the offender. It is currently unclear whether victims are mainly male or female or whether there are differences in the type of victims according to the offenders' psychiatric disorder.

Method: Victim characteristics were retrospectively collected from 362 NGRI acquittees, and the influence of psychiatric diagnoses on victim profiles was examined.

Victim Sensitivity and Altruistic Behavior in School: Mediating Effects of Teacher Justice and Teacher-Student Relationship.

The current study aimed to explore how victim sensitivity influenced altruistic behaviors in school and to explore the mediating roles of teacher justice and teacher-student relationship. In 2018, we recruited 1,856 Chinese adolescents including 989 fourth graders ( = 10.35, SD = 0.

Cognitive behavioural therapy can be effective in treating anxiety and depression in persons with dementia: a systematic review.

Dementia is a neurocognitive disorder that affects a person's abilities in daily functioning. Anxiety and depression symptoms are common among persons with dementia. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been tested to manage their depression and anxiety symptoms.

Young Schema Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Specificity in Relation to Anxiety in Chinese Adolescents.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the factor structure of Young Schema Questionnaire-short form (YSQ-SF) in a sample of Chinese adolescents, and to explore which maladaptive schemas were associated with anxiety symptoms.

Methods: YSQ-SF was administered to 983 nonclinical Chinese adolescents aged 13-17 years. Confirmatory factor analyses with weighted least squares means and variance adjusted estimation were conducted to examine the factor structure of YSQ-SF.

Effectiveness of a Self Help Cognitive Behavioural Treatment Program for Problem Gamblers: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

The study aimed to strengthen the scarce literature on self-help treatments for Problem Gambling (PG) by comparing the effectiveness of a Self-Help Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (SHCBT) program (n = 23) with a 6-week Waitlist condition (n = 32) in problem gamblers. Participants were community volunteers with gambling problems and were randomly allocated to the Waitlist and treatment conditions. Results showed significant improvements at post-treatment in gambling behaviors including frequency of gambling, average amount gambled per day and PG symptoms as well as a number of gambling correlates including psychological states (e.

Effects of Cognitive Bias Modification Training via Smartphones.

Negative cognitive biases have been linked to anxiety and mood problems. Accumulated data from laboratory studies show that positive and negative interpretation styles with accompanying changes in mood can be induced through cognitive bias modification (CBM) paradigms. Despite the therapeutic potential of positive training effects, few studies have explored training paradigms administered via smartphones.

A Systematic Review of Associations between Amount of Meditation Practice and Outcomes in Interventions Using the Four Immeasurables Meditations.

Interventions using the "Four Immeasurables Meditations" (FIM) are effective for various outcomes; however, whether increased meditation practice in these interventions leads to better results has not been well investigated. This systematic review included 22 FIM interventions that reported associations between the amount of meditation practice and its outcomes. Despite the heterogeneity in intervention components and outcome variables, there were generally few significant associations between amount of meditation practice and its outcomes.

Critical incidents and judicial response during medium security treatment.

This study examined inpatient incidents in three Flemish forensic medium security units and analyzed the subsequent judicial reactions to these incidents. During medium security treatment, incidents were reported for more than half of the participants. The most frequently registered incidents were non-violent in nature, such as absconding and treatment non-compliance.