Publications by authors named "Oddny Ragnarsdottir"
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been identified in various products that come in contact with human skin, ranging from school uniforms to personal care products. Despite this, knowledge on human dermal uptake of PFAS is lacking. Thus, the human dermal absorption of 17 PFAS was assessed, for the first time, using in vitro 3D-human skin equivalent models exposed to 500 ng/cm PFAS dissolved in methanol over 24-36 h.
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- Proposed global regulations on PFAS have spurred research into safer alternative chemicals, leading to the investigation of two novel prototype PFAS designed for better environmental outcomes.
- The study examined the in vitro metabolism of these prototypes in both human and rat liver fractions, revealing the production of primary metabolites like alcohols and carboxylic acids, but not complete mineralization.
- Results indicated that rat liver enzymes metabolized the prototypes more efficiently than human liver enzymes, supporting the need for further research on the metabolic pathways and environmental impact of these alternative PFAS.
As a large group of chemicals with diverse properties, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have found extensive application throughout consumer products, including cosmetics. Little is known about the importance of dermal uptake as a human exposure pathway for PFAS. Here we investigate a suite of listed-ingredient and residual PFAS in cosmetic products, along with their dermal bioaccessibility using incubations with artificial sweat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPFAS are known contaminants of indoor dust. Despite the adherence of such dust to skin, the dermal penetration potential of PFAS is not well understood. By applying in vitro physiologically based extraction tests, the bioaccessibility of 17 PFAS from indoor dust to synthetic human sweat sebum mixtures (SSSM) was assessed.
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- Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder mostly affecting women, with about 1% of the population having it, but effective treatments aren't widely available.
- Researchers studied the gut microbiota (the tiny bacteria in our stomachs) of 77 women with AN and 70 healthy women, finding that those with AN had changes in their bacteria and viruses that might affect their eating habits and mental health.
- They also discovered that these changes in gut bacteria could lead to less food intake and affect how the body uses energy, suggesting that the microbiome plays a role in causing AN.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been produced and used in a broad range of products since the 1950s. This class, comprising of thousands of chemicals, have been used in many different products ranging from firefighting foam to personal care products and clothes. Even at relatively low levels of exposure, PFAS have been linked to various health effects in humans such as lower birth weight, increased serum cholesterol levels, and reduced antibody response to vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Recent experimental models and epidemiological studies suggest that specific environmental contaminants (ECs) contribute to the initiation and pathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the underlying mechanisms linking EC exposure with NAFLD remain poorly understood and there is no data on their impact on the human liver metabolome. Herein, we hypothesized that exposure to ECs, particularly perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), impacts liver metabolism, specifically bile acid metabolism.
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