Publications by authors named "Odani T"

Article Synopsis
  • The study examined the prevalence and characteristics of long COVID among patients hospitalized during the first three waves of COVID-19 in Japan.
  • Significant differences were found in patients' baseline health and outcomes, with those hospitalized in the first wave showing a higher incidence of long COVID symptoms, particularly dyspnoea.
  • The findings highlight the importance of ongoing monitoring and support for long COVID in patients, especially for those affected during the initial wave of the pandemic.
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Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) involves an excessive amount of acute inflammatory responses to inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 is also strongly associated with the pathophysiology of certain neuroimmunological diseases. However, there have so far been few reports of MAS being accompanied by neuroimmunological diseases.

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The world's population is aging. Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among the older adults, with aspiration pneumonia being particularly common. Aspiration pneumonia is caused by a decline in swallowing function.

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With the rising numbers of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a sequelae of COVID-19-has become a major problem. Different sexes and age groups develop different long COVID symptoms, and the risk factors for long COVID remain unclear. Therefore, we performed subgroup analyses of patients with COVID-19, classifying them into different groups.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Data from 1200 enrolled patients showed a decline in symptoms over time, from 93.9% during hospitalization to 33.0% at 12 months, with those experience long COVID symptoms reporting lower quality of life and higher anxiety and depression.
  • * Identified risk factors for long COVID included being female, middle-aged, requiring oxygen, and being in critical condition during hospitalization, providing valuable insights for future research in Japan.
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  • * After vaccination, 13.5% of patients experienced symptom improvement, 3.6% had worsening symptoms, while 82.9% saw no change in their long COVID symptoms.
  • * The most common symptoms that improved post-vaccination were dyspnea and alopecia, but many symptoms like sleep disturbance and myalgia persisted, indicating that vaccination did not significantly impact long COVID for most patients.
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  • A study analyzed the rates and impact of respiratory bacterial infections in Japanese patients hospitalized with COVID-19, finding that 7.5% of patients experienced such infections.
  • The most common causes of these infections included Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, with more severe outcomes linked to hospital-acquired infections and pre-existing health conditions.
  • The research highlights the importance of monitoring and assessing bacterial complications in COVID-19 patients, as these infections can significantly increase mortality rates.
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  • The study examined the impact of non-respiratory bacterial and fungal infections on hospitalized COVID-19 patients, focusing on the types of infections, their causative organisms, and their effects on mortality rates.
  • Out of 1914 patients, 4.2% developed non-respiratory bacterial infections, predominantly bacteremia, which was linked to a higher risk of death, particularly in patients with certain predisposing factors.
  • The findings highlight the need for effective medical strategies to manage secondary infections in COVID-19 patients, especially those at a greater risk, such as older individuals and those admitted to intensive care.
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  • * Researchers analyzed RNA-seq data from 465 blood samples, uncovering 1169 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and 1549 splice QTLs (sQTLs) linked to COVID-19 severity, including immune-related expressions.
  • * The study highlights the impact of disease severity on gene expression, identifying specific eQTLs that interact with COVID-19 phenotypes, and provides an extensive resource for understanding gene regulation in response to the virus.
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  • Researchers conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 2,393 COVID-19 patients and 3,289 controls in Japan, identifying a specific genetic variant (rs60200309-A) on chromosome 5 linked to severe cases in individuals under 65.
  • The variant is more common in East Asians and associated with reduced expression of the DOCK2 gene, which was found to be lower in severe COVID-19 cases, particularly in non-classical monocytes.
  • Additionally, inhibiting DOCK2 in hamsters worsened pneumonia symptoms, indicating its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for severe COVID-19.
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Prediction of individualized responses is one of biggest challenges in dietary intervention to modulate human gut microbiota. Bacterial interspecies competition for dietary factors should underlie the inter-subject heterogeneity of microbial responses. Microscale localization of bacterial species around intestinal food structures could provide direct evidence for understanding this, however, little information is currently available.

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BMP6 is a central cytokine in the induction of Sjögren's syndrome-associated (SS-associated) secretory hypofunction. However, the upstream initiation leading to the production of this cytokine in SS is unknown. In this study, RNA ISH on salivary gland sections taken from patients with SS indicated monocytic lineage cells as a cellular source of BMP6.

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Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses the significant impact of COVID-19, detailing both immediate deaths and long-term health issues that can affect patients' quality of life and socioeconomic status.
  • It outlines a study involving a nationwide survey of 1,000 COVID-19 patients in Japan to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL), long-term complications, and risk factors associated with the disease's sequelae.
  • The research aims to provide comprehensive evidence on the multifaceted consequences of COVID-19, approved by an ethics committee, with plans for dissemination through academic channels.
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A253-control: A253 control for LAMP3 stable overexpression; A253- LAMP3: A253 LAPM3 stable overexpression; CASP1: caspase 1; CASP3: caspase 3; CHX: cycloheximide; CTSB: cathepsin B; CTSD: cathepsin D; CQ: chloroquine; DCs: dendritic cells; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; LGALS3: galectin 3; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HSG-control: HSG control for LAMP3 stable overexpression; HSG-LAMP3: HSG LAMP3 stable overexpression; HSP: heat shock protein; HTLV-1: human T-lymphocyte leukemia virus-1; IXA: ixazomib; LAMP: lysosomal associated membrane protein; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; mAb: monoclonal antibody; OE: overexpression; pepA: pepstatin A; pAb: polyclonal antibody; pSS: primary Sjögren syndrome; qRT-PCR: quantitative real- time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SS: Sjögren syndrome; UPR: unfolded protein response; V-ATPase: vacuolar-type proton- translocating ATPase; Y-VAD: Ac-YVAD-cmk; Z-DEVD; Z-DEVD-fmk; Z-VAD: Z-VAD- fmk.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers optimized a previously discovered compound, propan-2-yl 4-({6-[5-(methanesulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl]pyrimidin-4-yl}oxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate, which acts as a GPR119 agonist.
  • A key modification involved replacing a linker oxygen with nitrogen and adding a trifluoromethyl group, leading to enhanced activity and better hERG inhibition profile compared to non-fluorinated versions.
  • The final optimized compound showed increased insulin secretion and lowered glucose levels in diabetic models, highlighting its potential as an effective orally bioavailable therapy.
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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak has rapidly spread to the globe, causing severe global socioeconomic disruption on an unprecedented scale. As the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic is now going to settle down, many medical organizations are in the process of reopening surgical services. This paper describes a few key factors that spine surgeons should consider prior to resuming elective spine services namely, local outbreak situations, availability of hospital resources, manpower and personal protective equipment (PPE).

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  • Researchers discovered a new series of indolinylpyrimidine derivatives that act as potent GPR119 agonists, but one compound, identified as 2, also inhibited the hERG K channel, which is undesirable for drug development.
  • They identified the methylsulfonyl group as a key factor in its interaction with the hERG channel and replaced it with a piperidinone ring at the indoline 5-position to reduce hERG inhibitory effects.
  • Further modifications to improve drug properties included adding a hydroxy group to the piperidinone, leading to the identification of (3S)-3-hydroxy-1-{1-[6-({1-[3-(propan-2-yl)-1,2
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Objectives: The aim was to investigate the long-term prophylactic efficacy, drug retention and safety of low-dose sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) prophylaxis against pneumonia (PCP).

Methods: Adult patients with rheumatic diseases receiving prednisolone ≥0.6 mg/kg/day were randomized into the single-strength group (SS; SMX/TMP 400/80 mg daily), the half-strength group (HS; 200/40 mg daily) or the escalation group (ES; starting at 40/8 mg and increasing incrementally to 200/40 mg daily) and treated for 24 weeks, then observed for 52 weeks.

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Yeast mannan (YM) is an indigestible water-soluble polysaccharide of the yeast cell wall, with a notable prebiotic effect on the intestinal microbiota. We previously reported that YM increased Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron abundance in in vitro rat faeces fermentation, concluding that its effects on human colonic microbiota should be investigated. In this study, we show the effects of YM on human colonic microbiota and its metabolites using an in vitro human faeces fermentation system.

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Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by dysfunction of secretory epithelia with only palliative therapy. Patients present with a constellation of symptoms, and the diversity of symptomatic presentation has made it difficult to understand the underlying disease mechanisms. In this study, aggregation of unbiased transcriptome profiling data sets of minor salivary gland biopsies from controls and Sjögren's syndrome patients identified increased expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3/CD208/DC-LAMP) in a subset of Sjögren's syndrome cases.

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Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is estimated to affect 35 million people worldwide. Hallmarks of the disease are a loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function as well as lymphocytic infiltration, elevated proinflammatory cytokines, and circulating autoantibodies. Patients often experience significant fatigue and a decrease in their quality of life.

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We demonstrated that a nitric oxide (NO) molecule on Cu(110) acts as an "ON-OFF-ON toggle switch" that can be turned on and off by repulsive force and electron injection, respectively. On the surface, NO molecules exist in three configurations: flat along the [001] direction (ON), upright (OFF), and flat along [001[over ¯]] (ON). An NO-functionalized tip, which was characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, can convert an upright NO adsorbate into a flat-lying NO.

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Objectives: The objective of this study is to elucidate the efficacy and safety of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: A phase II clinical trial included SSc patients diagnosed within the last three years having at least one of the following clinical features: diffuse skin sclerosis with modified Rodman total thickness skin score (mRSS) ≥ 15, refractory digital ulcer or interstitial lung disease (ILD). HSCT were performed after conditioning using cyclophosphamide.

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