[Study of the clinically useful interval in ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure].

Background: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) throughout 24 hours has been introduced for clinical practice, improving the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. However, there is not an agreement concerning how often the blood pressure have to be measured.

Subjects And Methods: An ABPM was performed in 29 normotensive and hypertensive subjects (16-73 years) throughout 24 hours recording the blood pressure every 15 minutes.

[The evaluation of a noninvasive monitor to record ambulatory arterial pressure: the DIASYS 200 Novacor].

Background: The aim of this study was to validate the measurement precision of the portable automatic non invasive monitor of blood pressure-Novacor DIASYS 200.

Methods: A mercury sphygmomanometer was used as the reference measurer. To validate the DIASYS 87 persons (45 males, 42 females--age range 17-76 years) with a systolic blood pressure between 90-225 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of between 64-149 mmHg were selected.

[A clinical study of the verapamil and captopril combination in hypertensive patients uncontrolled by monotherapy. An evaluation by recording the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure].

Background: By measuring ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), the pharmacologic association of verapamil plus captopril in essential hypertensive patients not responding to isolated monotherapy of these drugs was studied since a synergism has been described between these two drugs.

Methods: A lineal clinical trial with a previous period of selection (PeSe) in which verapamil and captopril were administered in two consecutive phases was carried out in 57 essential hypertensive patients of 52 +/- 19 years of age with those controlling their blood pressure (BP) being excluded. Following a lavage phase the remaining subjects were included in the experimental period (ExPe) in wash out the association of verapamil 120 mg+captopril 25 mg was administered and if the BP was not controlled this was increased to 240 mg + 50 mg, respectively.

[Day-night differences of arterial pressure in "white coat" arterial hypertension].

Prevalence and day-night differences of blood pressure (BP) are studied in "White Coat" Hypertension (AHT). An outpatient register of BP was performed during 24 hours in 95 patients with mild AHT. "White Coat" Hypertension was defined when diastolic BP during the day was below 90 mmHg (WCH group) and with no "White Coat" Hypertension (non-WCH) when it was over said figure.

White coat hypertension and related phenomena. A clinical approach.

In this paper, several clinical problems associated with the diagnosis of hypertension are discussed. Blood pressure variability and reactivity are factors underlying the difficulties in the diagnosis of hypertension. These phenomena are interrelated and mixed.

[Validation of a model of an automatic device for the ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure: the Spacelab 5200].

Background: The aim of this study was to test two of the same models of portable automatic devices for monitoring blood pressure over 24 hours. These devices were the Spacelabs 5200 (Kontron 1 and Kontron 2).

Methods: A mercury shygmomanometer was used as reference measurer.

[Casual arterial pressure versus ambulatory continuous monitoring of arterial pressure].

Ambulatory continuous blood pressure monitorization (ACBPM) has shown that casual blood pressure (CBP) obtained at the Doctors' office is accompanied by alarm reaction (AR) which could overestimate the true blood pressure. We placed a ACBPM (24 hours) in 190 subjects (35 normotense and 155 hypertense). In normotense subjects the CBP was 137 +/- 19/84 +/- 9 mmHg and the mean value in those 24 hours was 121 +/- 11/74 +/- 6 mmHg (p less than 0.

[Variability of arterial pressure and of heart rate in essential arterial hypertension].

Background: Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) show multiple oscillations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate their variability by means of a noninvasive device for the continuous recording of ambulatory BP.

Methods: A 24 hour recording was programmed (minimal interval 30 minutes) in 190 individuals: 35 normotensive individuals aged 46 +/- 20 years and 155 patients with essential hypertension aged 49 +/- 12 years.

[The continuous recording of ambulatory arterial pressure. The value of monitoring 4-hour subperiods].

The ambulatory continuous arterial pressure monitoring permits a more exact definition of the degree of arterial hypertension. A ACMPA was performed in 86 subjects, 64 hypertensive and 22 normotensive controls during a daytime period of 16 hour with a noninvasive device. The results were compared to those obtained in the four four-hour subperiods.

Therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of ramipril in hypertensive patients with renal failure.

In an open trial, the antihypertensive and hormonal effects of ramipril, a new nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, were studied in 23 hypertensive patients with various degrees of renal failure: group I, creatinine clearance 5-15 ml/min, n = 10; group II, creatinine clearance 15-40 ml/min, n = 7; group III, creatinine clearance 40-80 ml/min, n = 6. In a 2-week placebo run-in period, antihypertensive agents were reduced or discontinued. During the treatment phase, patients received a 5-mg tablet of ramipril once daily for a period of 2 weeks.

Steady-state kinetics of ramipril in renal failure.

In an open trial, the pharmacokinetics of ramipril and its active metabolite ramiprilat were studied in 23 hypertensive patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency. During a 2-week treatment period, each subject took daily a 5-mg tablet of ramipril. Serum profiles and urinary excretion of the parent compound and ramiprilat, the active metabolite, were then evaluated.

Pharmacodynamic effects of a single 10-mg dose of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril in patients with impaired renal function.

A single oral 10-mg dose of ramipril, a long-acting angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, was given to 24 hypertensive patients with different degrees of renal function. Creatinine clearance ranged from below 15 ml/min (n = 9) to above 80 ml/min (n = 3). Serial blood samples were taken for the determination of ACE activity, plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (ALDO), angiotensin II (AT II), and serum creatinine (CR).

Small kidney and hypertension: selection of patients for surgery.

We studied 37 patients with various degrees of hypertension and a small unilateral kidney. Renal vein renin studies were shown to be positive on 19 occasions and negative on 18. Of those positive, 10 had severe and 1 moderate hypertension.

[Plasma renin activity, arterial blood pressure and response to beta-adrenergic blockade: a non-demostrated correlation. Practical view points (author's transl)].

Nineteen patients have been treated with timolol maleate (a non selective beta-blocking) and the decrease of their blood arterial pressure was correlated with the suppression of renine secretion. The patients which controlled their arterial pressure (63%) as well as those who did not (37%) showed a significative decrease of the plasmatic renine. The patients were diagnosed of essential hypertension, with normal renal function and formed an homogenous group.

[Paradoxical correlation between plasma renin activity and hypotensive effect of beta-adrenergic blocking (author's transl)].

A group of 39 patients has been divided in three categories according to their plasmatic renine activity and the correlation of the hipotensive answer to the Timolol Maleate (betadrenergic blocking). The control is more favourable in the normorreninemic than in the hiporreninemic patients and, paradoxically, even more than in the hyperreninemic. This unexpected answer is probably due to the lowest sodium intake of this last group.