Real-time assessment of hypnotic depth, using an EEG-based brain-computer interface: a preliminary study.

Objective: Hypnosis can be an effective treatment for many conditions, and there have been attempts to develop instrumental approaches to continuously monitor hypnotic state level ("depth"). However, there is no method that addresses the individual variability of electrophysiological hypnotic correlates. We explore the possibility of using an EEG-based passive brain-computer interface (pBCI) for real-time, individualised estimation of the hypnosis deepening process.

[The capillary blood flow in the lungs of patients with chronic laryngeal and tracheal stenosis].

Altogether 19 patients with chronic laryngo- and tracheostenosis of different etiology were investigated. All the patients were broken into 3 groups (1--less than 1 year, 2-1-3 years, 3--over 3 years) with regard to the time of canulla bearing. The patients were examined with 99mTc-human serum albumin particles.

[A radionuclide study of the lungs in sarcoidosis].

Altogether 43 patients with a primary diagnosis of sarcoidosis of the respiratory organs were investigated to reveal the presence and spreading of dysfunction of external respiratory indices and indices of capillary blood supply in patients with sarcoidosis. Of them sarcoidosis was confirmed clinically in 36. Of the other 7 patients 5 had tuberculosis of various forms, one--lung cancer, and one--chronic obstructive bronchitis.

[The importance of radionuclide methods in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and the determination of its activity].

Sclerotic changes are brought about rather early in case of sarcoidosis. Therefore, it is extremely important for the clinicians to assess a functional condition of the sarcoidosis patients' lungs, to locate the lesions and their extent and to have an idea about the process activity. To a certain degree, the answers to all these questions can be found by means of radionuclide methods using 133Xe, 99mTc and 67Ga.

[Clinical significance of in vivo methods of examining lung cancer patients].

The results of the visual evaluation of scintiphotography with MMA-99mTc and studies with 133Xe on 130 patients with different pulmonary pathology (90 with lung cancer) and 40 with nontumorous pulmonary diseases were considered. To improve the reliability of the visual evaluation, the zone and lung coefficients (Kz and K1) were proposed making it possible to raise the specificity of evaluation. The extent of disorders of the blood flow in the lungs was correlated with that of changes defined on the radiographs.

[Radionuclide complex in vitro studies in the diagnosis of lung cancer].

The results of studies on ventilation and capillary blood flow are analyzed in 89 lung carcinoma patients and 28 patients with nonmalignant lung diseases by using 133Xe and 99mTc-MAA. The studies were conducted with the help of scintillation radiometers: multidetector unit and a gamma-chamber. The concentration in the blood serum of biologically active agents: CEA, PTH, immunoglobulin E, ferritin, hydrocortisone and beta2-microglobulin was determined in 76 cancer patients and 19 patients with nontumorous lung diseases.

[New multidetector system for studying lung function using radionouclides].

The authors were first in the Soviet Union to use a special multidetector system KEFUT BI 1200 produced by the Finnish company MEDIVALMET for examination of the regional lung functions in 110 patients suffering from different lung lesions. The article describes the merits of this system and procedure of patients' examining.