Placental lesions in birth asphyxia and hypoxic ischemic syndrome.

Birth asphyxia is a severe condition that includes a number of potential pathways of occurrence both and during childbirth. The present study aimed to identify and describe specific macroscopic and microscopic placental injuries in birth asphyxia to serve as an effective tool to stratify the potential further evolution of a newborn, as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy can be responsible for neonatal death or severe neurological sequelae further, compromising the quality of life of the affected individual. For this purpose, an observational prospective study was conducted over a period of 3 years.

Suppurative Cervicomediastinitis From the Perspective of the Head and Neck Surgeon in a Tertiary Treatment Unit.

Introduction Cervical suppurations represent an emergency pathology, with a dramatic evolution in the absence of adequate treatment. It frequently affects young people, hence the medico-legal implications of these cases. The anatomical substrate for the development of these deep cervical suppurations is represented by the cervical fascia and spaces.

Extracranial Facial Nerve Schwannoma-Histological Surprise or Therapeutic Planning?

Schwannomas (neurilemomas) are benign, slow-growing, encapsulated, white, yellow, or pink tumors originating in Schwann cells in the sheaths of cranial nerves or myelinated peripheral nerves. Facial nerve schwannomas (FNS) can form anywhere along the course of the nerve, from the pontocerebellar angle to the terminal branches of the facial nerve. In this article, we propose a review of the specialized literature regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic management of schwannomas of the extracranial segment of the facial nerve, also presenting our experience in this type of rare neurogenic tumor.

Morphological and immunohistochemical diagnostic of extragastrointestinal stromal tumors - a 51 case series analysis.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract, originating from structures differentiating towards Cajal cells. Due to their morphology and localization, the extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) can be a diagnostic challenge. We investigated a series of 51 EGISTs diagnosed in our institutions, aiming to explore the immunophenotypes and to analyze the process and the utility of the antibodies required for a positive diagnosis.

Lung cancer mimickers - a case series of seven patients and review of the literature.

Background: Lung is the third most frequent identified site of malignancy and lung cancer is the most lethal type of cancer in the world. Several benign lung diseases or proliferations may mimic lung carcinoma in its clinical, pathological, and radiological presentation, which makes the differential diagnosis life changing. This case series was designed to describe the main diagnosis encountered in a multidisciplinary emergency hospital during the last years in Romania.

Current diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusal aspergilloma (Review).

There are numerous types of sinusitis caused by fungal strains, some of which already colonize the nasal cavity. Mild forms present fungus balls growing inside a preexisting sinus cavity. The invasive type ranges from chronic manifestations to acute aggravated episodes.

Cutaneous melanoma arising on pre-existing nevi - case reports.

Skin cancer is a common healthcare issue that affects millions of people worldwide. Only a small part of that population is suffering from melanoma and an even smaller proportion has melanoma developed on a pre-existing nevus. This paper illustrates five such cases, diagnosed over an 18-month period, with their histological particular aspects.

Cutaneous microcystic/reticular schwannoma: case report and literature review of an exceedingly rare entity with an unusual presentation.

Conventional schwannoma represents a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor derived from Schwann cells, which usually arises in the fourth or fifth decade of life, in the subcutaneous tissue of the distal extremities, or in the head and neck region of adult patients, with no gender predilection. In addition to the classic type, at least 11 different histopathological subtypes have been described and unawareness of these uncommon histopathological entities may lead to diagnostic pitfalls and risk of mistreatment. Recently described in the scientific literature, microcystic/reticular schwannoma is still relatively unknown to both surgeons and pathologists.

Keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum: an unusual clinical and histopathological diagnostic pitfall.

Keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum (KCM) is a very rare variant of keratoacanthoma characterized by progressive peripheral growth accompanied by central healing. The tumor has the peculiar ability to involute spontaneously. A careful differential diagnostic with other skin carcinomas or hyperkeratotic lesions is required in order to ensure appropriate clinical management.

Expression of Bcl-2, Melan A and HMB-45 in Dysplastic Nevi.

Background: From the first recognition of dysplastic nevi as a pathology per se, many debates have been raised and many histological and immunohistological studies have been conducted in order to establish the true significance of these lesions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish if there is a correlation between HMB-45, Melan A and Bcl-2 expression and the grade of dysplasia, as well as between the marker's staining patterns.

Material And Methods: Ten dysplastic nevi from six female patients were selected and their histological features (size, dysplasia), as well as the immunohistological staining patterns, were studied (HMB-45, Melan A, Bcl-2).

A challenging case of ocular melanoma.

Ocular melanoma is a rare malignancy found in clinical practice. In this paper, we present a case of highly aggressive ocular melanoma, which was surgically removed at the Department of Ophthalmology and diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, using conventional histopathological techniques. Uveal melanoma, a subset of ocular melanoma, has a distinct behavior in comparison to cutaneous melanoma and has a widely divergent prognosis.

Disseminated CMV and Tuberculosis Infection with Osseous Metaplasia in a Presumable Crohn's Patient: Case Report.

Associations of different pathologies are not uncommon in every day practice, but association of disseminated infections like cytomegalovirus infection and tuberculosis are quite rare and hard to diagnose. Both are infections which appear frequently in immunocompromised patients and have unfavorable prognosis. We present a case of a 62 year old male with a history of Crohn's disease and tuberculosis which presented with symptoms of relapse and infection.

Clinical or postmortem? The importance of the autopsy; a retrospective study.

Medicine is continually evolving; the new technologies of diagnosis and treatment continue to improve the life expectancy and lead to new information concerning various pathologies. The autopsy is viewed more and more as an ultimate branch of medicine and used only in extreme cases or for forensic purposes. Nevertheless, many studies, including this one, prove the utility and indispensability of the autopsies, without which a complete and accurate diagnosis cannot be made.

A comparison between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy diagnosis. A retrospective study of 131 newborns, stillborns and aborted fetuses.

In recent years, the autopsy was considered necessary only in medico-legal cases, or when the clinician requires it to better understand the pathology and cause of death (with the deceased family's consent). Although it has been shown in numerous studies that the autopsy and the postmortem histopathological examination are the only ones that can diagnose correctly and completely, the autopsy rate is declining. The primary motive of the family in consenting to a perinatal necropsy, may be to determine the cause of death of their child and to be aware of possible complications of their future pregnancy.

Trichilemmal carcinoma - a rare cutaneous malignancy: report of two cases.

The trichilemmal carcinoma is a rare low-grade malignant lesion originating from hair follicle cells that usually occurs on sun-exposed skin of older individuals. A differential diagnostic is required with other skin carcinomas. We report two cases of trichilemmal carcinoma admitted at the Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania, in 2012, one of these cases being localized in the periocular area and the other one resembling a cutaneous horn.

Histopathological findings concerning ocular melanomas.

Ocular melanoma is rare in clinical practice. In this study, we present three cases of ocular melanoma surgically removed in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania, and diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of the same hospital using conventional histopathological techniques and immunohistochemical tests.

Cutaneous verrucous carcinoma - report of three cases with review of literature.

Verrucous carcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It is well differentiated and rarely metastases but can sometimes be very aggressive locally in depth. The paper presents three cases of cutaneous verrucous carcinoma with different localizations.

Acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma: pathological study of nine cases with review of literature.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is classified in many subtypes or forms; one of them is the acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma, also called pseudoglandular, adenoid, epithelioma dyskeratoticum segregans, or adenoacanthoma. Researching and analyzing nine cases of acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma, we intend to verify if the data provided by the cases studied can be validated by the scientific literature. All the cases presented lesions found on the head and neck skin, with two exceptions - one on the larynx and the other one on the tonsil, all of them ulcerated lesions.

Ciliary body melanoma - a particularly rare type of ocular tumor. Case report and general considerations.

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary malignancy of the eye in white adults. Frequently, uveal melanoma arises from choroid or iris. Ciliary body melanoma is a rare if not exceptional subtype of uveal melanoma.