Degradation study of δ-hexachlorocyclohexane by iron sulfide nanoparticles: Elucidation of reaction pathway using compound specific isotope analysis and pH variation.

pH influences the reactivity of iron (II) minerals towards halogenated pollutants like hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). To explore these incompletely understood interactions, we investigated the carbon isotope fractionation of the δ-HCH isomer during dehalogenation by iron sulfide at pHs spanning a pH range across slightly acidic to alkaline domains (5.8-9.

Metabolic Profiling and Stable Isotope Analysis of Wines: Pilot Study for Cross-Border Authentication.

Globalization and free market dynamics have significantly impacted state economies, particularly in the wine industry. These forces have introduced greater diversity in wine products but have also heightened the risk of food fraud, especially in high-value commodities like wine. Due to its market value and the premium placed on quality, wine is frequently subject to adulteration.

A Study on the Ability of Nanomaterials to Adsorb NO and SO from Combustion Gases and the Effectiveness of Their Separation.

Climate neutrality for the year 2050 is the goal assumed at the level of the EU. As Romania is no exception, it has assumed the gradual mitigation of pollution generated by the energy sector, and by 2030, according to 'Fit for 55', the share of energy from renewable sources must reach 42.5% from total energy consumption.

Selectivity of MOFs and Silica Nanoparticles in CO Capture from Flue Gases.

Until reaching climate neutrality by attaining the EU 2050 level, the current levels of CO must be mitigated through the research and development of resilient technologies. This research explored potential approaches to lower CO emissions resulting from combustion fossil fuels in power plant furnaces. Different nanomaterials (MOFs versus silica nanoparticles) were used in this context to compare their effectiveness to mitigate GHG emissions.

Metabolite Profiling of Conifer Needles: Tracing Pollution and Climate Effects.

In the face of escalating environmental challenges, understanding the intricate relationship between plant metabolites, pollution stress, and climatic conditions is of paramount importance. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of metabolic variations generated through H and C NMR measurements in evergreen needles collected from different regions with varying pollution levels. Multivariate analyses were employed to identify specific metabolites responsive to pollution stress and climatic factors.

Recent progresses in compound specific isotope analysis of halogenated persistent organic pollutants. Assessing the transformation of halogenated persistent organic pollutants at contaminated sites.

Compound specific isotope analysis was extensively used to characterise the environmental processes associated with the abiotic and biotic transformation of persistent halogenated organic pollutants including those of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). In the last years, the compound specific isotope analysis was applied as tool to evaluate the environmental fate and was expanded to larger molecules like brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls. Multi-element (C, H, Cl, Br) CSIA methods have been also employed both in laboratory and field experiments.

Evaluating the Chemical Hazards in Wine Production Associated with Climate Change.

The climate warming trend challenges the chemical risk associated with wine production worldwide. The present study investigated the possible difference between chemical wine profile during the drought year 2012 compared to the post-drought year 2013. Toxic metals (Cd and Pb), microelements (Mn, Ni, Zn, Al, Ba, and Cu), macroelements (Na, Mg, K, Ca, and P), isotopic ratios (Sr/Sr and Pb/Pb), stable isotopes (O, C, (D/H), and (D/H)), and climatic data were analyzed.

Classification of Genus by Botanical Origin and Harvest Year Based on Carbohydrates Profile.

The H-NMR carbohydrates profiling was used to discriminate fruits from family in terms of botanical origin and harvest year. The classification was possible by application of multivariate data analysis, such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and Pearson analysis. Prior, a heat map was created based on H-NMR signals which offered an overview of the content of individual carbohydrates in plum, apricot, cherry and sour cherry, highlighting the similarities.

Assessing the Health Risk and the Metal Content of Thirty-Four Plant Essential Oils Using the ICP-MS Technique.

Natural ecosystems are polluted with various contaminants, and among these heavy metals raise concerns due to their side effects on both environment and human health. An investigation was conducted on essential oil samples, comparing similar products between seven producers, and the results indicated a wide variation of metal content. The recommended limits imposed by European Union regulations for medicinal plants are exceeded only in Mentha × pipperita (Adams, 0.

Recent Progresses in Stable Isotope Analysis of Cellulose Extracted from Tree Rings.

In this work, the challenges and progression in stable isotope investigation, from the analytical tools and technical sample preparation procedures to the dendroclimatological experiments, were reviewed in terms of their use to assess tree physiological responses to environmental changes. Since the isotope signature of whole wood is not always a reliable tool in studying the climate changes, cellulose is often preferred as the study material in paleoclimatic studies. Nevertheless, the isotope analysis of cellulose is challenging due to the difficulty to remove the other wood components (extractives, lignin, pectin, and hemicelluloses).

Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activity of Three Species (Lamiaceae) from Romania.

Three species of genus (, , ) were investigated in the present study in terms of aromatic profile and total polyphenol content, as well as antibacterial activity and antioxidant capacity. Gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) was used for exploration of the herbal alcoholic extracts. Using statistical analysis, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and total phenolic chemical fingerprints were compared in order to describe differences and identify putative signature traits of the three species.

Amino Acid Profile of Fruits as Potential Fingerprints of Varietal Origin.

This study aims to assess the capability of the H-NMR profiling of fruits from different genera in combination with multivariate data analysis to provide feasible information for fruit juices' authenticity in terms of botanical origin. Nine fruit varieties from four genera were selected for the experimental plan. The juice obtained from the fruits was characterized using the H-NMR technique, selecting the obtained amino acid profile of fruits as a potential specific fingerprint.

¹H-NMR Profiling and Carbon Isotope Discrimination as Tools for the Comparative Assessment of Walnut ( L.) Cultivars with Various Geographical and Genetic Origins-A Preliminary Study.

：The aim of the study was to investigate the differences between walnut genotypes of various geographical and genetic origins grown under the same or different environmental conditions. The biological material analyzed consisted in walnut kernels of 34 cultivars, nine advanced selections, and six hybrids harvested in 2015 and 2016, summing up to a total of 64 samples. The walnuts, walnut oil, and residue were characterized in respect to their chemical (proximate composition-fat, protein, nutritional value, fatty acids profile by ¹H-NMR) and carbon-13 isotopic composition.