Enhanced photocatalytic activity of fish scale loaded TiO2 composites under solar light irradiation.

Fish scale (FS) loaded TiO2 composites were investigated as photocatalysts in degradation of Methyl Orange under solar light irradiation. Composites were prepared through sol-gel method by varying mass ratio of TiO2/FS at 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50, respectively. The catalysts prepared in this study were characterized by using XRD, SEM, FT-IR and nitrogen sorption.

4-Methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl 4-meth-oxy-benzene-sulfonate.

In the title compound, C(17)H(14)O(6)S, the 2H-chromene ring is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.016 (1) Å. The dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene and the benzene rings is 54.

3-Hy-droxy-2-(4-meth-oxy-benzene-sulfonamido)-butanoic acid.

The title compound, C(11)H(15)NO(6)S, features a distorted tetra-hedral geometry for the S atom. One of the sulfonamide O atoms is approximately coplanar with the benzene ring [C-C-S-O torsion angle = -160.81 (7)°], whereas the other lies well below the plane [C-C-S-O = -29.

Ethyl 1-(butan-2-yl)-2-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(21)H(24)N(2)O(3), the mean planes of the benzene ring and the benzimidazole ring system form a dihedral angle of 69.94 (7)°. The ethyl group atoms of the ethano-ate fragment are disordered over two sets of sites, with refined occupancies of 0.

AChE inhibitor: a regio- and stereo-selective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition for the synthesis of novel substituted 5,6-dimethoxy spiro[5.3']-oxindole-spiro-[6.3″]-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1″-one-7-(substituted aryl)-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3]thiazole.

Pyrrolothiazolyloxindole analogues share vital pharmacological properties, considered useful in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was synthesis and evaluate pyralothiazolyloxindole analogues if possess acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The easily accessible one-pot synthesis of these compounds resulted to be significantly less difficult and expensive than that of donepezil.

Viral respiratory infections during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) outbreak in the West Midlands Region, UK.

In spring 2009 a new strain of influenza A(H1N1) emerged and caused a worldwide pandemic. This study utilized a large collection of respiratory specimens from suspected cases of influenza A(H1N1) in the UK West Midlands during the pandemic in order to investigate which other respiratory viruses were circulating and whether they played any role in the increased hospitalization rates seen during that period. Study specimens were selected from community and hospitalized patients positive and negative for influenza A(H1N1) and tested by PCR for other respiratory viruses.

Absenteeism in schools during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: a useful tool for early detection of influenza activity in the community?

Certain influenza outbreaks, including the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, can predominantly affect school-age children. Therefore the use of school absenteeism data has been considered as a potential tool for providing early warning of increasing influenza activity in the community. This study retrospectively evaluates the usefulness of these data by comparing them with existing syndromic surveillance systems and laboratory data.

The removal of some rare earth elements from their aqueous solutions on by-pass cement dust (BCD).

The sorption behavior of yttrium (Y(3+)), neodymium (Nd(3+)), gadolinium (Gd(3+)), samarium (Sm(3+)) and lutetium (Lu(3+)) from their aqueous solutions by by-pass cement dust (BCD) has been investigated using a batch technique. The sorption on BCD was studied as a function of pH, shaking time, initial concentration, mass of BCD and temperature. It was found that the sorption capacity of BCD had the order of Lu(3+) > Sm(3+) > Y(3+) > Gd(3+) ≈ Nd(3+) following Freundlich isotherm at the determined optimum conditions.

(E)-6-Bromo-3-{2-[2-(2-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)hydrazin-yl]-1,3-thia-zol-4-yl}-2H-chromen-2-one.

In the title compound, C(20)H(14)BrN(3)O(3)S, the mol-ecule adopts an E configuration about the central C=N double bond. The chromene ring system and the thia-zole ring are approximately planar [maximum deviations = 0.029 (3) and 0.

3-Hydroxy-2-[(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(21)H(26)O(4)S, consists of two independent mol-ecules. In both mol-ecules, intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the mol-ecular structure. In the crystal, each mol-ecule and its symmetry-related mol-ecule by twofold rotation form a dimer through a pair of inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

2-[(E)-(2,4-Dichloro-benzyl-idene)amino]-isoindoline-1,3-dione.

In the title compound, C(15)H(8)Cl(2)N(2)O(2), the mol-ecule adopts an E configuration about the central C=N double bond. The isoindoline ring is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.019 (2) Å.

Effects of Gum acacia aqueous extract on the histology of the intestine and enzymes of both the intestine and the pancreas of albino rats treated with Meloxicam.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause gastrointestinal damage both in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, in addition to their undesirable side effects on the pancreas. Meloxicam like all NSAIDs has damaging effects on the gastrointestinal tract including perforations, ulcers and bleeding.

Objective: The present work describes the effects of Gum acacia aqueous extract on the histology of intestine and enzymes of both intestine and Pancreas of albino rats treated with Meloxicam.

Asian lineage of peste des petits ruminants virus, Africa.

Interest in peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) has been stimulated by recent changes in its host and geographic distribution. For this study, biological specimens were collected from camels, sheep, and goats clinically suspected of having PPRV infection in Sudan during 2000-2009 and from sheep soon after the first reported outbreaks in Morocco in 2008. Reverse transcription PCR analysis confirmed the wide distribution of PPRV throughout Sudan and spread of the virus in Morocco.

(3E,5E)-1-Acryloyl-3,5-bis-(2,4-dichloro-benzyl-idene)piperidin-4-one hemihydrate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(22)H(15)Cl(4)NO(2)·0.5H(2)O, consists of a (3E,5E)-1-acryloyl-3,5-bis-(2,4-dichloro-benzyl-idene)piperidin-4-one mol-ecule and a half-mol-ecule of water (the O atom of the water mol-ecule lies on a twofold axis). The piperidin-4-one ring adopts an envelope conformation.

(3E,5E)-3,5-Dibenzyl-idene-1-[3-(piperidin-1-yl)propano-yl]piperidin-4-one.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(27)H(30)N(2)O(2), comprises two independent mol-ecules. The dihedral angles between the phenyl rings in the two mol-ecules are 55.59 (8) and 55.

(3E,5E)-1-Acryloyl-3,5-bis-(2-chloro-benzyl-idene)piperidin-4-one.

In the title compound, C(22)H(17)Cl(2)NO(2), the asymmetric unit consists of two crystallographically independent mol-ecules and each piperidinone ring adopts an envelope conformation. The dihedral angles between the two chloro-benzene rings are 24.81 (10) and 19.

6-Bromo-3-{2-[2-(diphenyl-methyl-ene)hydrazin-yl]-1,3-thia-zol-5-yl}-2H-chromen-2-one chloro-form monosolvate.

In the title compound, C(25)H(16)BrN(3)O(2)S·CHCl(3), the thia-zole ring is approximately planar [maximum deviation = 0.002 (3) Å] and makes dihedral angles of 10.75 (14) and 87.

(E)-3-(2-{2-[1-(3-Hy-droxy-phen-yl)ethyl-idene]hydrazin-yl}-1,3-thia-zol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one.

In the title compound, C(20)H(15)N(3)O(3)S, the thia-zole ring is approximately planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.003 (1) Å, and makes dihedral angles of 7.44 (6) and 1.

4-Hy-droxy-3-[(4-hy-droxy-2-oxo-2H-3-chromen-yl)(3-thien-yl)meth-yl]-2H-chromen-2-one.

The whole mol-ecule of the title compound, C(23)H(14)O(6)S, is disordered over two sets of sites with refined occupancies of 0.8733 (12):0.1267 (12).

7-Fluoro-4-oxochromene-3-carbaldehyde.

In the title compound, C(10)H(5)FO(3), the chromenone ring is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.039 (1) Å. The dihedral angle between the fluoro-subsituted benzene ring and the pyran ring is 1.

(E)-6-Bromo-3-{2-[2-(2-chloro-benzyl-idene)hydrazin-yl]thia-zol-5-yl}-2H-chromen-2-one dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate.

In the title compound C(19)H(11)N(3)O(2)SClBr·C(2)H(6)OS, the mol-ecule adopts an E configuration about the central C=N double bond. The chromene ring system and the thia-zole ring are approximately planar, with maximum deviations of 0.027 (2) and 0.

(E)-6-Bromo-3-{2-[2-(4-chloro-benzyl-idene)hydrazin-yl]thia-zol-5-yl}-2H-chromen-2-one.

In the title compound, C(19)H(11)N(3)O(2)SClBr, the chromene ring system and the thia-zole ring are each approximately planar, with maximum deviations of 0.033 (3) Å and 0.006 (3) Å, respectively.

Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of some new thiazolyl coumarin derivatives.

Two novel series of hydrazinyl thiazolyl coumarin derivatives have been synthesized and fully characterized by IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, elemental analysis and mass spectral data. The structures of some compounds were further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. All of these derivatives, 10a-d and 15a-h, were screened in vitro for antimicrobial activity against various bacteria species including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Candida albicans.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 6, 7-dimethoxy-3-(4-pyridyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-2-yl-4-substituted phenylmethanone/ethanone derivatives.

A series of 6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-pyridyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-2-yl-4-substituted phenylmethanone/ethanone derivatives were synthesized and in vitro activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and INHR-MTB were carried out. Among the synthesized compounds, compound (4h) 6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-pyridyl)-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-2-yl-4-pyridyl methanone was found to be the most active agent against MTB and INHR-MTB with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.22 μM.

Synthesis and discovery of novel hexacyclic cage compounds as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase.

Hexacyclic derivatives share vital pharmacological properties, considered useful in Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was synthesis and its evaluation for acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory activity of novel hexacyclic analogues. Compound 4f, showed potent inhibitory activity against acetyl cholinesterase enzyme with IC(50) 0.