Stocking density and Piscirickettsia salmonis infection effect on Patagonian blennie (Eleginops maclovinus, Cuvier 1830) skeletal muscle intermediate metabolism.

The need to expand aquaculture production has led to other fish to be considered as potential species for culture, such as the sub-Antarctic notothenioid Eleginops maclovinus (Valenciennes, 1830). The aim of this study was to determine the cumulative effect of density and pathogen infection by protein extract of Piscirickettsia salmonis on skeletal muscle metabolism. In a first experiment, specimens were submitted to three different stocking densities: (1) 3.

Indigo adsorption on a silicate surface: a theoretical density functional study.

The applicability of naturally available low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent materials for the removal of hazardous dyes from aqueous waste is of increasing environmental interest. Among the adsorption treatments available, clays seem to be economically attractive due to their abundance and adsorption capabilities. Indeed, many ancient coloring materials utilized clays mixed with natural dyes (e.

Synthesis of isotopically labeled 1,3-dithiane.

The 1,3-dithiane is a protected formaldehyde anion equivalent that could serve as a useful labeled synthon. We report a facile synthesis of 1,3-[2-(13)C]- and 1,3-[2-(13)C, 2-(2)H2]dithiane in two steps from [(13)C]- or [(13) C, (2)H3 ]methyl phenyl sulfoxide. We have previously reported the high yield synthesis of [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfide from [(13)C]MEOH and the oxidation of [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfide to [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfoxide.

Antarease-like Zn-metalloproteases are ubiquitous in the venom of different scorpion genera.

Background: The venoms of several scorpion species have long been associated with pancreatitis in animal models and humans. Antarease, a Zn-metalloprotease from Tityus serrulatus, is able to penetrate intact pancreatic tissue and disrupts the normal vesicular traffic necessary for secretion, so it could play a relevant role in the onset of acute pancreatitis.

Methods: The cDNA libraries from five different scorpion species were screened for antarease homologs with specific primers.

2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8).

Hypertension is the most common condition seen in primary care and leads to myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and death if not detected early and treated appropriately. Patients want to be assured that blood pressure (BP) treatment will reduce their disease burden, while clinicians want guidance on hypertension management using the best scientific evidence. This report takes a rigorous, evidence-based approach to recommend treatment thresholds, goals, and medications in the management of hypertension in adults.

Large-scale preparation of (13) C-labeled 2-(phenylthio)acetic acid and the corresponding labeled sulfoxides and sulfones.

We have developed large-scale efficient procedures for the conversion of commercially available [(13) C]- or [(2) H3 ,(13) C]methanol and (13) CO2 or (13) C-labeled bromoacetic acid to 2-(phenylthio)[1,2-(13) C2 ]-, [1-(13) C]-, and [2-(13) C]acetic acid. The resulting derivatives are versatile, chemically stable, and nonvolatile two-carbon labeling precursors. We have used the (13) C-isotopomers of 2-(phenylthio)acetic acid in the synthesis of (13) C-labeled acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and trans-crotonic acid.

A general route for 13C-labeled fluorenols and phenanthrenols via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and one-carbon homologation.

A series of (13)C-labeled polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fluorenols and phenanthrenols were synthesized from commercially available (13)C-labeled starting material giving rise to M + 6 isotopomers. This was accomplished using key palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and one-carbon homologation strategies. The conditions for these reactions were optimized, and the new chemical routes are efficient in the number of chemical steps, can be scaled to afford gram quantities and occur in good yields based on the (13)C label.

Mutational and genetic determinants of λ6 light chain amyloidogenesis.

Approximately 25% of the λ6 light chains have glycine rather than arginine at position 25, which is an allelic variant of the IGLV6-57 (6a) locus. The Gly25 variant has been shown to decrease the folding stability of the germline λ6 V(L) protein 6aJL2 by 1.7 kcal·mol(-1).

Draft Genome Sequence of the Xanthomonas cassavae Type Strain CFBP 4642.

We report the draft genome sequence of the Xanthomonas cassavae type strain CFBP 4642, the causal agent of bacterial necrosis on cassava plants. These data will allow the comparison of this nonvascular pathogen with the vascular pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, both infecting the same host, which will facilitate the development of diagnostic tools.

High-Quality Draft Genome Sequences of Two Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum Strains.

We report high-quality draft genome sequences of two strains (race 18 and 20) of Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum, the causal agent of bacterial blight of cotton. Comparative genomics will help to decipher mechanisms provoking disease and triggering defense responses and to develop new molecular tools for epidemiological surveillance.

Green microalga Scenedesmus acutus grown on municipal wastewater to couple nutrient removal with lipid accumulation for biodiesel production.

The green microalga Scenedesmus acutus was cultivated in two different municipal wastewater discharges (pre- and post-treated), and was compared to a culture medium with basic nutrients (20% of N, P, K), in order to study the simultaneous potential of nutrient removal and lipid accumulation ability. The highest level of nutrient removal was found in the pretreated wastewater discharge (achieving a high removal of phosphorus [66%] and organic nitrogen [94%]). Likewise, better results on biomass productivity and lipid accumulation were found in cultures using pretreated wastewater compared to enriched medium, obtaining 79.

Biological activity of liposomal vanillin.

This article presents a study of vanillin encapsulation inside multilamellar liposomes, with emphasis on the evaluation of antioxidant activity, the hemolytic effect, and the antisickling properties of these products. Egg phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol and egg phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-1-O-decylglycerol liposomes were prepared by mechanical dispersion, all with vanillin included. Vesicles were characterized by determination of encapsulation efficiency and vanillin retention capacity.

Comparative proteomics reveal new HrpX-regulated proteins of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Unlabelled: Pathogenicity of the rice pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae depends on a Hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) type III secretion system; the expression of which is induced in planta. Expression of the hrp operons is under transcriptional control of two key regulatory proteins, HrpG and HrpX.

Dietary wolfberry upregulates carotenoid metabolic genes and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis in the retina of db/db diabetic mice.

Scope: Our aim was to investigate whether dietary wolfberry altered carotenoid metabolic gene expression and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in the retina of diabetic mice.

Methods And Results: Six-week-old male db/db and wild-type mice were fed the control or wolfberry diets for 8 weeks. At study termination, liver and retinal tissues were collected for analysis by transmission electron microscopy, real-time PCR, immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and HPLC.

Bacterial expression and antibiotic activities of recombinant variants of human β-defensins on pathogenic bacteria and M. tuberculosis.

Five variants of human β-defensins (HBDs) were expressed in Escherichia coli using two vector systems (pET28a(+) and pQE30) with inducible expression by IPTG. The last vector has not been previously reported as an expression system for HBDs. The recombinant peptides were different in their lengths and overall charge.

Precursor De13.1 from Conus delessertii defines the novel G gene superfamily.

Peptide de13a was previously purified from the venom of the worm-hunting cone snail Conus delessertii from the Yucatán Channel, México. This peptide has eight cysteine (Cys) residues in the unique arrangement C-C-C-CC-C-C-C, which defines the cysteine framework XIII ("-" represents one or more non-Cys residues). Remarkably, δ-hydroxy-lysine residues have been found only in conotoxin de13a, which also contains an unusually high proportion of hydroxylated amino acid residues.

Source reconstruction accuracy of MEG and EEG Bayesian inversion approaches.

Electro- and magnetoencephalography allow for non-invasive investigation of human brain activation and corresponding networks with high temporal resolution. Still, no correct network detection is possible without reliable source localization. In this paper, we examine four different source localization schemes under a common Variational Bayesian framework.

Transobturator suburethral tape in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: efficacy and quality of life after 5 year follow up.

Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a highly prevalent dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly women. One recent technique places a sub-urethral tape passed through the transobturator foramen. Efficacy and quality of life were assessed after five years of treatment with the transobturator technique in women suffering SUI.

Antibody persistence after primary and booster doses of a pentavalent vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus, haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine among Thai children at 18-19 months of age.

The World Health Organization recommends a booster dose of a pertussis-containing vaccine for children aged 1-6 years, preferably during the second year of life. This study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of a pentavalent combination vaccine containing diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus, and conjugated-Hib polysaccharide antigens, [(DTaP-IPV//PRP-T (Pentaxim)], as a booster at 18-19 months of age. Participants had received primary doses of the same vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months of age.