A catalytic borylation/dehalogenation route to o-fluoro arylboronates.

A two-step Ir-catalyzed borylation/Pd-catalyzed dehalogenation sequence allows for the net synthesis of fluoroarenes where the boronic ester is ortho to fluorine. Key elements of this approach include the use of a halogen para to the fluorine to block meta Ir-catalyzed borylation and the chemoselective Pd-catalyzed dehalogenation by KF activated polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS).

Food allergy: a practice parameter update-2014.

This parameter was developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (JCAAI). The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "Food Allergy: A practice parameter update-2014." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update.

These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The AAAAI and ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "The diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 update." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Impact of MBR cleaning and breaching on passage of selected microorganisms and subsequent inactivation by free chlorine.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) produce better quality effluent compared to conventional treatment processes but they are still subjected to the same disinfection requirements as conventional processes by many regulatory agencies. A research study consisting of bench-, pilot- and full-scale studies was conducted to characterize effluents produced from an MBR system operating under routine and challenged conditions and to assess the disinfection requirements for these effluents. Membrane cleaning did not seem to pose a substantial risk with respect to passage of target microorganisms; however, the membrane under breached conditions (turbidity > 0.

The special challenge of nonadherence with sublingual immunotherapy.

Patient nonadherence is a problem that impacts all chronic illness treatments. To determine the degree of nonadherence and its impact on treatment effect in sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), we conducted a systematic review of published research that assessed adherence or tested interventions to improve SLIT adherence. Adherence to SLIT is similar to other long-term therapies.

Impact of environmental conditions on the suitability of microconstituents as markers for determining nutrient loading from reclaimed water.

Nitrogen and phosphorous loading into waterways from designated beneficial uses of reclaimed water is a growing concern in many parts of the United States. Numerous studies have documented that organic microconstituents present in the reclaimed water can be utilized as indicators of its influence on surface water bodies. However, little to no information is available on the environmental attenuation of these microconstituents relative to the nutrients, which is a critical component in determining the effectiveness or limitations of those markers as a tool for elucidating their origins.

Environmental assessment and exposure reduction of cockroaches: a practice parameter.

This parameter was developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "Environmental assessment and remediation: a practice parameter." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Characterization of effluent water qualities from satellite membrane bioreactor facilities.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are often a preferred treatment technology for satellite water recycling facilities since they produce consistent effluent water quality with a small footprint and require little or no supervision. While the water quality produced from centralized MBRs has been widely reported, there is no study in the literature addressing the effluent quality from a broad range of satellite facilities. Thus, a study was conducted to characterize effluent water qualities produced by satellite MBRs with respect to organic, inorganic, physical and microbial parameters.

A novel means to classify response to resuscitation in the severely burned: Derivation of the KMAC value.

Background: Resuscitation fluid rates following burn are currently guided by a weight and burn size formulae, then titrated to urine output. Traditionally, 24h resuscitation is reported as volume of resuscitation received without direct consideration for the physiologic response. We propose an input-to-output ratio to describe the course of burn resuscitation and predict eventual outcomes.

A focused parameter update: hereditary angioedema, acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema.

These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (JTFPP), representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "A focused parameter update: Hereditary angioedema, acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Mothers' vagal regulation during the Still-Face Paradigm: normative reactivity and impact of depression symptoms.

This study examined mothers' physiological reactivity in response to infant distress during the Still-Face Paradigm. We aimed to explore normative regulatory profiles and associated physiological and behavioral processes in order to further our understanding of what constitutes regulation in this dyadic context. We examined physiological patterns--vagal tone, indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)--while mothers maintained a neutral expression over the course of the still face episode, as well as differential reactivity patterns in mothers with depression symptoms compared to non-depressed mothers.

Atopic dermatitis: a practice parameter update 2012.

This parameter was developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "Atopic dermatitis: a practice parameter update 2012." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.

Differentiating sources of anthropogenic loading to impaired water bodies utilizing ratios of sucralose and other microconstituents.

Previous studies have suggested the use of sucralose, a synthetic non-nutritive sweetener, as an indicator of domestic wastewater loading to surface waters. This paper presents a novel flow schematic approach for quantifying volumetric load contributions from different water sources by utilizing sucralose as a master diagnostic variable in combination with other trace compounds. This conceptual approach was validated through demonstration of sucralose presence at positive field sites susceptible to either water reuse or septic infiltration and its absence at negative field sites.

Is nasal saline irrigation all it is cracked up to be?

Objective: This review examines the literature regarding nasal saline irrigation in the management of sinonasal disease. We explore the various properties of nasal irrigation solutions and their effects on nasal symptoms.

Data Sources: English-language studies identified from MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through December 2011.

Sources of nutrients impacting surface waters in Florida: a review.

The promulgation of numeric nutrient criteria for evaluating impairment of waterbodies in Florida is underway. Adherence to the water quality standards needed to meet these criteria will potentially require substantial allocations of public and private resources in order to better control nutrient (i.e.

Update on food allergy in adults.

Though much has been studied and written about food allergy, the majority of the available literature focuses on food allergies in the pediatric population. Unfortunately, it is likely that in regard to food allergies, adults are not just big children, and extrapolating findings from pediatric to adult patient populations might lead to erroneous assumptions. Thus, it is important to validate the correlation between pediatric and adult data, gather data regarding adult food allergy and understand the specific nuances of subsets of adults to better treat their food allergy.

Medication adherence in the asthmatic child and adolescent.

Asthma is a common inflammatory condition affecting more than 7 million children in the United States alone, and tens of millions more globally. Despite effective preventive medications, medication nonadherence in children and adolescents is alarmingly high. Nonadherence can result in poor asthma control, which leads to decreased quality of life, lost productivity, increased health care utilization, and even the risk of death.

Occurrence and suitability of sucralose as an indicator compound of wastewater loading to surface waters in urbanized regions.

Urban watersheds are susceptible to numerous pollutant sources and the identification of source-specific indicators can provide a beneficial tool in the identification and control of input loads, often times needed for a water body to achieve designated beneficial uses. Differentiation of wastewater flows from other urban wet weather flows is needed in order to more adequately address such environmental concerns as water body nutrient impairment and potable source water contamination. Anthropogenic compounds previously suggested as potential wastewater indicators include caffeine, carbamazepine, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), gemfibrozil, primidone, sulfamethoxazole, and TCEP.