Toxic metals and other elements in Svalbard reindeer: Establishing baselines and assessing non-invasive sampling for biomonitoring.

Pollutants emitted from all over the world may reach pristine areas, such as the Arctic. The Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) has been the subject of a few studies reporting toxic metal concentrations. However, these studies either date back a few decades or exclusively used non-invasive samples (e.

Faecal microbiota transplantation for patients with diabetes type 1 and severe gastrointestinal neuropathy (FADIGAS): a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Diabetic gastroenteropathy is associated with nausea, vomiting, bloating, pain, constipation, and diarrhoea. Current therapies are scarce. We tested faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for patients with type 1 diabetes and gastroenteropathy.

Cluster perturbation theory. XI. Excitation-energy series using a variational excitation-energy function.

Traditionally, excitation energies in coupled-cluster (CC) theory have been calculated by solving the CC Jacobian eigenvalue equation. However, based on our recent work [Jørgensen et al., Sci.

Toward a More General Consent for the Use of Patients' Biological Material and Health Information for Medical Research-The Patient Perspective.

Biological material and health information from patients are valuable for medical research. Under a "broad" consent model, hospital patients in Norway can consent to their biological material and health information being stored in research biobanks and used for "specific, broadly defined research purposes" within a specified medical research area but not for medical research in general. Patients are asked to provide new consent each time researchers wish to use their material in a different medical research area.

The St. Jude Global Academy: A Multifaceted Education Program to Expand Pediatric Oncology Workforce Capacity.

There is currently a global shortage of healthcare professionals equipped to handle the rising burden of childhood cancer. St. Jude Global is an initiative to improve survival rates of children with cancer worldwide while improving access to quality care.

Anaesthesia teams´ perception of mental wellbeing, the psychosocial work environment and patient safety culture.

Background: Mental health issues among healthcare professionals (HCPs) are rising, impacting individual wellbeing, healthcare systems, and patient safety. This exploratory study aimed to analyse the association between anaesthesia teams' perception of their mental wellbeing, psychosocial work environment, and patient safety culture in a university hospital's anaesthesiology department. Second, to identify types of stressors and strategies to overcome them.

Fish oil and vitamin D in pregnancy for the prevention of early childhood asthma: study protocol for two double-blinded, randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Previous randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have indicated a protective role of pregnancy supplementation with fish oil and high-dose vitamin D, respectively, on offspring asthma, infections and several other disorders in early childhood. However, current evidence is not considered sufficient for recommending these supplements in pregnancy. In two RCTs, we aim to investigate whether these protective effects can be confirmed in larger trials with the goal of changing clinical practice and improving child health.

Preventing burnout from moral distress among prehospital emergency personnel through action research and targeted clinical ethics support.

Ethical challenges are integral to health care and are associated with moral distress among health professionals. Moral distress can turn into burnout with a range of negative effects for professionals, patients, relatives, collaborators, and the organisation. Based on action research a focus group study was conducted inclucing prehospital personnel from the emergency services in the Region of Southern Denmark.

The Cryo-EM structure of human CD163 bound to haptoglobin-hemoglobin reveals molecular mechanisms of hemoglobin scavenging.

CD163, a macrophage-specific receptor, plays a critical role in scavenging hemoglobin released during hemolysis, protecting against oxidative effects of heme iron. In the bloodstream, hemoglobin is bound by haptoglobin, leading to its immediate endocytosis by CD163. While haptoglobin's structure and function are well understood, CD163's structure and its interaction with the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex have remained elusive.

A high-throughput micro-scale workflow to quantify molecularly dissolved drug concentrations under solubilizing conditions.

Physiological and artificial solubilizing agents usually enhance apparent solubility of poorly soluble drugs, and in many cases also oral drug exposure. However, exposure may decrease in cases where micellization reduces the molecularly dissolved drug fraction, overriding the solubility advantage. While this information is critical to accurately anticipate the effect of drug micellization on oral absorption, the experimental determination of molecularly dissolved drug concentrations is complex and time consuming.

The use and impact of prehospital blood lactate measurements in acute non-traumatic patients: a systematic review.

Background: The prehospital use of blood lactate measurements is increasing. However, the test's benefits have not been methodically evaluated in non-trauma patients. This study had three aims: (1) To assess the evidence of prehospital blood lactate measurements' prognostic value in non-trauma patients, (2) to investigate to what extent the test changed early patient treatment, and (3) to evaluate the healthcare personnel's attitude towards the test.

The extent of physical and psychological workplace violence experienced by prehospital personnel in Denmark: a survey.

Background: Workplace violence against healthcare workers has been a well-known problem for more than 40 years. This problem is also relevant for prehospital personnel who are at risk of physical and/or psychological violence during work. Violence and threats of violence can have physical and psychological consequences, including personal challenges in their everyday life, use of sick days, reports, and the need for professional help.

Integrating cancer into crisis: a global vision for action from WHO and partners.

More than a billion people live in fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable settings requiring humanitarian support, where cancer is a substantial health issue. Despite its substantial effect on populations, cancer care remains underprioritised in emergency preparedness and response frameworks and humanitarian operational planning. This Policy Review summarises the perspectives and actionable recommendations from the First Global High-Level Technical Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases in Humanitarian Settings, with a focus on cancer.

The liver-brain axis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects around 30% of the global population. Studies suggest that MASLD is associated with compromised brain health and cognitive dysfunction, initiating a growing interest in exploring the liver-brain axis mechanistically within MASLD pathophysiology. With the prevalence of MASLD increasing at an alarming rate, leaving a large proportion of people potentially at risk, cognitive dysfunction in MASLD is a health challenge that requires careful consideration and awareness.

Role of Vitamin B in Healthy Ageing and Disease.

B vitamin complex consist of vitamins B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B12 and is pivotal for overall health, influencing vital functions such as, energy metabolism, DNA maintenance, and healthy immune system. Inadequate B vitamin levels are associated with various health issues, including neurocognitive problems, immune imbalances, and inflammation. In ageing individuals, deficiencies in B vitamins increase the risk of cardiovascular ailments, stroke, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration, mental health issues, and methylation-related disorders.

Understanding the parental journey: Exploring experiences, needs, and perceptions during hospitalization for children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: The onset of childhood diabetes necessitates that the child and family quickly must learn numerous self-management tasks. Diabetes education is key to successful self-management, and established diabetes-related habits are known to be difficult to change. Hence, the initial hospital-based diabetes education and support is a distinct opportunity to optimize habits and disease management.

A prospective study of male physical activity and fecundability.

Study Question: To what extent is male physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception)?

Summary Answer: Preconception levels of vigorous, moderate, or total PA were not consistently associated with fecundability across Danish and North American cohorts, but there was suggestive evidence that bicycling with a 'soft, comfort seat' was associated with reduced fecundability in both cohorts, especially among males with greater BMI.

What Is Known Already: Among males, some studies indicate that moderate PA might improve fertility, whereas vigorous PA, especially bicycling, might be detrimental.

Study Design, Size, Duration: We assessed the association between male PA and fecundability among couples participating in two preconception cohort studies: SnartForaeldre.

Early host defense against virus infections.

Early host defense eliminates many viruses before infections are established while clearing others so they remain subclinical or cause only mild disease. The field of immunology has been shaped by broad concepts, including the pattern recognition theory that currently dominates innate immunology. Focusing on early host responses to virus infections, we analyze the literature to build a working hypothesis for the principles that govern the early line of cellular antiviral defense.

Effects on family functioning and the home environment of a family-based preventive intervention for children of parents with severe mental illness: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Children of parents with severe mental illness are at increased risk of mental illness throughout their lifespan due to complex gene-environment interactions. Preventive interventions supporting parents and children are warranted. Compared with usual treatment, we tested the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary family-based preventive intervention, VIA Family.

Early Restrictive vs Liberal Oxygen for Trauma Patients: The TRAUMOX2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Early administration of supplemental oxygen for all severely injured trauma patients is recommended, but liberal oxygen treatment has been associated with increased risk of death and respiratory complications.

Objective: To determine whether an early 8-hour restrictive oxygen strategy compared with a liberal oxygen strategy in adult trauma patients would reduce death and/or major respiratory complications.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized controlled trial enrolled adult trauma patients transferred directly to hospitals, triggering a full trauma team activation with an anticipated hospital stay of a minimum of 24 hours from December 7, 2021, to September 12, 2023.

Ion Migration and Redox Reactions in Axial Heterojunction Perovskite CsPb(BrCl) Nanowire Devices Revealed by Operando Nanofocused X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

Metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) have gained substantial interest in the energy and optoelectronics field. MHPs in nanostructure forms, such as nanocrystals and nanowires (NWs), have further expanded the horizons for perovskite nanodevices in geometry and properties. A partial anion exchange within the nanostructure, creating axial heterojunctions, has significantly augmented the potential applications.

[Christmas article: collisions between roe deer and ambulances].

Introduction: Due to the Danish fauna, reindeer are not immediately available should Santa Claus need to replace his reindeer while traveling across Denmark with Christmas gifts. Instead, Santa Claus should rely on roe deer, which are predominant in Denmark. However, the population of roe deer may be threatened by collisions between ambulances and roe deer.

Searching the chemical space of hetero-atom bridged norbornadienes.

The efficient utilization of solar energy as renewable source is a central pillar of societal future energy production. So-called molecular solar thermal energy storage (MOST) systems have attracted considerable attention as storage solution and heat release on demand. Substituted norbornadiene/quadricyclane (NBD/QC) derivatives have been shown to be well suited for this task, in particular when substituted with electron donating and accepting functional groups.