Extraction and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from carrot pomace using green pretreatment technologies.

In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from carrot pomace, which is a byproduct of the carrot process, was produced. The Response Surface Methodology optimized the effectiveness of autoclaving & ultrasonic pretreatments (AUP) in MCC extraction with a D-optimal design. The yield of AUP was 36.

Validity of a nutrition screening tool for childhood cancer.

Background: Malnutrition in pediatric oncology patients is a serious clinical condition. There is a need for standardized nutrition screening in pediatric oncology patients, as nutrition screening can offer a simple method to identify children with cancer at risk of malnutrition. This study aimed to determine the validity of a Turkish version of nutrition screening tool for childhood cancer (SCAN) in identifying the risk of malnutrition among children with cancer.

Paediatric handgrip reference curves and the relationship between lower handgrip strength and clinical outcomes of hospitalised children.

Aim: There is a need for population-based reference values of handgrip strength, which is an objective measurement reflecting muscle status, in the paediatric population and there is limited data on the prognostic importance of handgrip strength. The aim of the study was to establish reference percentiles for handgrip strength in healthy Turkish children and to investigate the relationship between handgrip strength and clinical outcomes in hospitalised children.

Methods: A total of 1437 healthy children and 103 hospitalised children aged 6-16 years were included in this cross-sectional study.

Exploring the Effectiveness of Dental Public Health Education in Enhancing Student Competency for Refugee Care.

Background: As global migration rises, dental professionals must be prepared to treat refugee communities' particular oral health needs, emphasizing the need of education and training in readiness to treat these underserved groups.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Dental Public Health (DPH) Field Study course on fifth-year dental students' willingness to provide care for refugee patients.

Methods: In this descriptive study, fifth-year students at Hacettepe University's Faculty of Dentistry were invited to participate in this study.

Comparison of nutritional screening tools in pediatric oncology patients receiving chemotherapy treatment.

Background: Malnutrition in pediatric oncology patients is a complex and multifactorial process, and the most appropriate screening tool to determine the risk of malnutrition is not clear. The study aimed to compare the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (StrongKids), Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP), which are commonly used in the general pediatric population, with the Nutrition Screening Tool for Childhood Cancer (SCAN), which was specifically validated for pediatric cancer, in determining the risk of malnutrition.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 92 children aged 2-18 years who were admitted to the hematology-oncology unit and were receiving chemotherapy.

Effects of Procedural Information, Buzzy, and Multiple Interventions on Pain in Children Undergoing Venipuncture: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Needle-related procedures are commonly performed in childhood and lead to considerable pain.

Purpose: This randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the effects on venipuncture pain of the Buzzy, an informational animated video, multiple interventions, and standard care in children aged 6-12 years.

Methods: One hundred eighty children were assigned to the groups using a computerized randomization program.

Recovery of carotenoids as bioactive compounds from peach pomace by an eco-friendly ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction.

The industrial processing of fruits generates by-products. These by-products serve as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. In this study, carotenoid was extracted from peach pomace (PP) by using the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE), an eco-friendly method.

RAI therapy in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: recurrence reduction and long-term outcomes in the Turkish population.

Purpose: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, characterized by its slow progression and favorable prognosis. This study re-evaluates the efficacy of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy versus no RAI in low-risk PTC patients following total thyroidectomy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 588 patients treated between 2010 and 2016 at a major tertiary center in Turkey.

Evaluation of thiol/disulphide and oxidant-antioxidant status of dairy cows in periparturient and post-partum period.

Background: Thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH) has a critical role in many cellular activities such as antioxidant protection. Alterations of oxidative stress in the transition period play an important role in development of some diseases and disorders in dairy cows.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total thiol, native thiol, disulphide and lipid profile in Simmental and Montofon dairy cows (aged 2-3) before and after calving.

Low-Calorie Cookies Enhanced with Fish Oil-Based Nano-ingredients for Health-Conscious Consumers.

This study explored the effectiveness of fish oil (FO)-loaded nanoemulsions, averaging 197 nm in diameter, as fat substitutes in creating low-calorie cookies. The cookies' diameter, thickness, and spread ratio were measured, ranging from 46.33 to 57.

The Association between Aminoglycoside Exposure and Ototoxicity in Children with Cystic Fibrosis.

Introduction: Pulmonary exacerbations increase the requirement of aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Several studies have shown that AGs have a cumulative effect on ototoxicity. We aimed to investigate the relationship between AG exposure and ototoxicity by using 3 different methods in patients with CF.

Activation of an atypical plant NLR with an N-terminal deletion initiates cell death at the vacuole.

Plants evolve nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) to induce immunity. Activated coiled-coil (CC) domain containing NLRs (CNLs) oligomerize and form apparent cation channels promoting calcium influx and cell death, with the alpha-1 helix of the individual CC domains penetrating the plasma membranes. Some CNLs are characterized by putative N-myristoylation and S-acylation sites in their CC domain, potentially mediating permanent membrane association.

The revealing of the Cyto-genotoxic properties (Allium and MTT) and the effect of chicken meat quality of characterized zein-eugenol nanofibers.

Electrospun zein-based eugenol nanofibers (ZEnF) with diameters (148.19-631.52 nm) were fabricated.

Importance of Using Epigenetic Nutrition and Supplements Based on Nutrigenetic Tests in Personalized Medicine.

Background: Nutrigenetics explores how genetic variations influence an individual's responses to nutrients, enabling personalized nutrition. As dietary supplements gain popularity, understanding genetic factors in their metabolism and effectiveness is crucial for optimal health outcomes. This study examines the role of genetic differences in the metabolism and effects of nutraceuticals, underscoring the significance of personalized nutrition within precision health.

Multiplexed volumetric CLEM enabled by scFvs provides insights into the cytology of cerebellar cortex.

Mapping neuronal networks is a central focus in neuroscience. While volume electron microscopy (vEM) can reveal the fine structure of neuronal networks (connectomics), it does not provide molecular information to identify cell types or functions. We developed an approach that uses fluorescent single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) to perform multiplexed detergent-free immunolabeling and volumetric-correlated-light-and-electron-microscopy on the same sample.

Surgical Treatment Results of Adult Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome.

Aim: To present symptoms and surgical results of patients operated on with the diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in adulthood.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, 20 patients older than 18 years were evaluated. There were 17 female and 3 male patients.

Effects of Surgical Timing on the Prognosis of Far Lateral Disk Herniation.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of surgical timing on the prognosis in far lateral disk herniations.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 171 patients diagnosed with far lateral disk herniation who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2021. Patients were divided into three groups: Those operated within the first 3 weeks, within 3-6 weeks, and after 6 weeks.

Determination of prebiotic activity and probiotic encapsulation ability of inulin type fructans obtained from Inula helenium roots.

Inulin, a prebiotic utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the colon, thereby enhancing human health. Although inulin is commercially produced from chicory and artichoke, Inula helenium roots offer a high potential for inulin production. The aim of this study is to investigate the prebiotic activity of inulin (inulin-P) from I.

Inheritance of Some Traits in Crosses between Hybrid Tea Roses and Old Garden Roses.

The limited knowledge about the inheritance of traits in roses makes the efficient development of rose varieties challenging. In order to achieve breeding goals, the inheritance of traits needs to be explored. Additionally, for the inheritance of a trait like scent, which remains a mystery, it is crucial to know the success of parental traits in transmitting them to the next generation.

Correction: The Importance of Nutrigenetics and Microbiota in Personalized Medicine: From Phenotype to Genotype.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61256.

Changes in paranasal sinus volumes, temporal bone pneumatization, internal acoustic canal and olfactory cleft dimensions over the centuries: a comparison of skulls from different epochs in Anatolia.

Objectives: Investigating changes in temporal bone pneumatization (TBP) and paranasal sinus volumes (PSV) across different eras may help understanding not only changes in skull anatomy but also pathophysiology of chronic otitis media and sinusitis, respectively, which are common health problems.

Methods: Eight skulls from the second century AD, 20 skulls were from the 10th-11th centuries AD, 20 skulls from the 16th-19th centuries AD, and 60 contemporary skulls were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Using computerized tomography (CT) scans, the PSV were calculated by multiplying the height, width, and antero-posterior distance of the sinuses.

The Effect of a Casein and Gluten-Free Diet on the Epigenetic Characteristics of FoxP3 in Patients With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Background Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by inflammation and dysfunction of the thyroid gland, resulting in hypothyroidism, it results in impaired thyroid hormone generation and mimics hypothyroidism. The disease involves complex interactions among genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors, particularly affecting the regulation of T regulatory (Treg) cells, including CD4 + + T cells. Treg cells, defined as CD4 + T cells, rely on the expression of the transcription factor, which is crucial for their development and differentiation.