Performance of Expanded Newborn Screening in Norway Supported by Post-Analytical Bioinformatics Tools and Rapid Second-Tier DNA Analyses.

In 2012, the Norwegian newborn screening program (NBS) was expanded (eNBS) from screening for two diseases to that for 23 diseases (20 inborn errors of metabolism, IEMs) and again in 2018, to include a total of 25 conditions (21 IEMs). Between 1 March 2012 and 29 February 2020, 461,369 newborns were screened for 20 IEMs in addition to phenylketonuria (PKU). Excluding PKU, there were 75 true-positive (TP) (1:6151) and 107 (1:4311) false-positive IEM cases.

Comparative calculation of EPR spectral parameters in [Mo(V)OX4]-, [Mo(V)OX5]2-, and [Mo(V)OX4(H2O)]- complexes.

The EPR spectral parameters, i.e. g-tensors and molybdenum hyperfine couplings, for several d(1) systems of the general formula [Mo(V)EX(4)](n-), [Mo(V)OX(5)](2-), and [Mo(V)OX(4)(H(2)O)](-) (E = O, N; X = F, Cl, Br; n = 1 or 2) were calculated using Density Functional Theory.

Does solar exposure, as indicated by the non-melanoma skin cancers, protect from solid cancers: vitamin D as a possible explanation.

Background: Skin cancers are known to be associated with sun exposure, whereas sunlight through the production of vitamin D may protect against some cancers. The aim of this study was to assess whether patients with skin cancer have an altered risk of developing other cancers.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of 416,134 cases of skin cancer and 3,776,501 cases of non-skin cancer as a first cancer extracted from 13 cancer registries.

Antiplasmodial compounds from Cochlospermum tinctorium.

Fractionation of an ethanol extract of roots of Cochlospermum tinctorium afforded five compounds: 3-O-E-p-coumaroylalphitolic acid (1), cochloxanthin (2), dihydrocochloxanthin (3), alphitolic acid (4), and 1-hydroxytetradecan-3-one (5). This is the first example of a 1-hydroxyalkan-3-one obtained from plant material after gentle workup. The antiplasmodial activities of the compounds were determined, and the IC(50) value of 3-O-E-p-coumaroylalphitolic acid was 2.

Health outcomes in offspring of Danish mothers with cosmetic breast implants.

To assess whether maternal breast implants are related to adverse health outcomes in offspring, the authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of esophageal disorders, rheumatic disease, and congenital malformations among 2,854 children born to women with breast implants and among 5,805 children born to a comparison group of women who underwent breast reduction or other plastic surgery. Rates were calculated using both hospitalization and outpatient data. Significantly higher rates of esophageal disorders were observed (O) than were expected (E) for children born before (O/E, 2.

Iridoid glucosides from Myxopyrum smilacifolium.

From a single leaf of a herbarium sheet of Myxopyrum smilacifolium was isolated the iridoid glucosides myxopyroside (1) and its 6-O-acetyl-7-O-(E/Z)-p-methoxycinnamoyl esters (2/3) of dimethyl forsythide. The presence of these compounds indicates a close relationship with the genus Nyctanthes, from which similar compounds have earlier been reported. This finding corroborates relationships recently found within the family Oleaceae by modern gene sequencing techniques.

Connective tissue disease and other rheumatic conditions following breast implants in Denmark.

To investigate the risks of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) following breast implants we used the nationwide Danish Hospital Discharge Register (HDR) to identify 2,570 women who received breast implants, either for cosmetic reasons (N = 1,135) or for breast reconstruction (N = 1,435), between 1977 and 1992. Two additional cohorts of women having either breast reduction surgery (N = 7,071) or breast cancer without implants (N = 3,952) were identified for comparison. Observed-to-expected (O/E) cases of CTDs and other rheumatic conditions were calculated based on national hospital discharge rates.

Risk of second cancer after cancer in childhood.

Against the background of a seemingly short latency period for the majority of childhood tumors and the theory of the existence of a prezygotic variation of the two-step mutation model prior to tumor development, the risk of second cancer after cancer in childhood is examined in the population of Denmark from 1943-1980. A total of 5319 cases of primary cancer in childhood were followed until patient death or the end of 1980, and the number of secondary tumors were observed, specifying on diagnosis, age, sex, and time since first tumor diagnosis. A total of 23 secondary tumors was observed (O) against an expected (E) figure of 6.

Cancer and non-cancer mortality of chimney sweeps in Copenhagen.

This is a cohort study of the mortality among chimney sweeps in Copenhagen, Denmark, during 1958-77. Nearly all the chimney sweeps started in the trade around the age of 15, and so this age gives the time of first exposure to the environmental conditions of the trade. The analysis applies a continuous time model with stratification by cause of death (cancer, non-cancer), time and age, where cumulative mortality rates are derived from current mortality tables.