Transposition of the inferior vena cava with hemiazygos continuation: A rare case report.

Hemiazygos continuation of a left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is an extremely rare developmental anomaly. We present the case of a male patient in whom this condition was incidentally discovered during a thoraco-abdominopelvic CT scan. With the widespread use of contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography, the detection of congenital IVC anomalies has become more accessible.

Zinner syndrome: A rare congenital cause of infertility.

Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital malformation characterized by cystic seminal vesicles and ejaculatory duct obstruction in association with ipsilateral renal agenesis. It appears to be frequently linked to infertility. However, recent advances in imaging, notably MRI, have led to an increase in the diagnosis of this pathology.

The effect of avian influenza outbreaks on retail price premiums in the United States poultry market.

This study analyzes the effect of avian influenza outbreaks on retail price premiums in the US poultry market. We estimate hedonic price models for eggs, chickens, and turkeys, controlling for quality characteristics, unobserved time, and regional factors. To measure the impact of avian influenza outbreaks we use 2 proxies.

Global Dilemma and Needs Assessment Toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Controlling Leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis is a disease of poverty that imposes a devastating medical, social, and economic burden on over 1 billion people nationwide. To date, no in-depth study to analyze the major global challenges and needs assessment has been carried out. This investigation aimed to explore a comprehensive narrative review of leishmaniasis's main challenges and initially highlight obstacles that might impede the implementation of control measures.