Analysis of the Morphology of Monocytes and Lymphocytes from COVID-19 Patients Using Low-Voltage Scanning Electronic Microscopy.

Severe course of COVID-19 is largely determined by hyperactivation of the immune system, or cytokine storm, in which immune cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, etc.) play a major role. Using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy, we studied the morphology of lymphocytes and monocytes during cytokine storm.

An Early SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Outbreak in a Dormitory in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread worldwide in late 2021-early 2022, displacing the previously prevalent Delta variant. Before 16 December 2021, community transmission had already been observed in tens of countries globally. However, in Russia, the majority of reported cases at that time had been sporadic and associated with travel.

Genomic epidemiology of the early stages of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Russia.

The ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 presents novel challenges and opportunities for the use of phylogenetics to understand and control its spread. Here, we analyze the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in Russia in March and April 2020. Combining phylogeographic analysis with travel history data, we estimate that the sampled viral diversity has originated from at least 67 closely timed introductions into Russia, mostly in late February to early March.

Oxidative asymmetric umpolung alkylation of Evans' β-ketoimides using dialkylzinc nucleophiles.

Umpolung alkylation of Evans' auxiliary substituted β-ketoimides affords the diastereomerically pure products in yields ranging from 40 to 80%. The reaction itself proceeds with diastereoselectivities between 3 : 1 and 18 : 1. Dialkylzinc serves as the nucleophile and umpolung of the β-keto-imide enolate is achieved by the action of Koser's reagent.

Oxidative umpolung α-alkylation of ketones.

We disclose a hypervalent iodine mediated α-alkylative umpolung reaction of carbonyl compounds with dialkylzinc as the alkyl source. The reaction is applicable to all common classes of ketones including 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and regular ketones via their lithium enolates. The α-alkylated carbonyl products are formed in up to 93% yield.