Neutrophil extracellular traps characterize caseating granulomas.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and still poses a serious challenge to public health. Recent attention to neutrophils has uncovered unexplored areas demanding further investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine neutrophil activation and circulatory neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in various types of TB.

New Cyclopiane Diterpenes and Polyketide Derivatives from Marine Sediment-Derived Fungus KMM 4670 and Their Biological Activities.

Two new cyclopiane diterpenes and a new cladosporin precursor, together with four known related compounds, were isolated from the marine sediment-derived fungus KMM 4670, which was re-identified based on phylogenetic inference from ITS, , , and gene regions. The absolute stereostructures of the isolated cyclopianes were determined using modified Mosher's method and quantum chemical calculations of the ECD spectra. The isolation from the natural source of two biosynthetic precursors of cladosporin from a natural source has been reported for the first time.

Neurochemical alterations of intrinsic cardiac ganglionated nerve plexus caused by arterial hypertension developed during ageing in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats.

The acknowledged hypothesis of the cause of arterial hypertension is the emerging disbalance in sympathetic and parasympathetic regulations of the cardiovascular system. This disbalance manifests in a disorder of sustainability of endogenous autonomic and sensory neural substances including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). This study aimed to examine neurochemical alterations of intrinsic cardiac ganglionated nerve plexus (GP) triggered by arterial hypertension during ageing in spontaneously hypertensive rats of juvenile (prehypertensive, 8-9 weeks), adult (early hypertensive, 12-18 weeks) and elderly (persistent hypertensive, 46-60 weeks) age in comparison with the age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats as controls.

Cytoprotective Polyketides from Sponge-Derived Fungus .

The new polyketides lopouzanones A and B, as well as the new 1--acetyl and 2--acetyl derivatives of dendrodochol B, were isolated from the sponge-derived marine fungus strain 168CLC-57.3. Moreover, six known polyketides, gliorosein, balticolid, dendrodolide G, dihydroisocoumarine, (-)-5-methylmellein, and dendrodochol B, were identified.