[Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Cattle Gut Microbiota: Influence of Housing Conditions].

Resistance to antimicrobial drugs is an urgent problem not only in public health, but also in animal husbandry. The widespread use of antimicrobials in feed additives is one of the main reasons for the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance in the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of farm animals. To characterize antibiotic resistance genes (resistome), we performed metagenomic analysis of the feces of 24 cattle from different regions of Russia, including cows of different breeds and yaks.

The low-temperature germinating spores of the thermophilic contribute to an extremely high sulfate reduction in burning coal seams.

Burning coal seams, characterized by massive carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, the presence of secondary sulfates, and high temperatures, represent suitable environments for thermophilic sulfate reduction. The diversity and activity of dissimilatory sulfate reducers in these environments remain unexplored. In this study, using metagenomic approaches, activity measurements with a radioactive tracer, and cultivation we have shown that members of the genus are responsible for the extremely high sulfate reduction rate (SRR) in burning lignite seams in the Altai Mountains.

Prokaryotic Life Associated with Coal-Fire Gas Vents Revealed by Metagenomics.

The natural combustion of underground coal seams leads to the formation of gas, which contains molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In places where hot coal gases are released to the surface, specific thermal ecosystems are formed. Here, 16S rRNA gene profiling and shotgun metagenome sequencing were employed to characterize the taxonomic diversity and genetic potential of prokaryotic communities of the near-surface ground layer near hot gas vents in an open quarry heated by a subsurface coal fire.

Antibiotic-Resistant Produces HS from Supplements for Animal Farming.

Sulphate-reducing bacteria, primarily , are responsible for the active generation of HS in swine production waste. The model species for sulphate reduction studies, strain L2, was previously isolated from swine manure characterized by high rates of dissimilatory sulphate reduction. The source of electron acceptors in low-sulphate swine waste for the high rate of HS formation remains uncertain.