Methodology for pediatric head computed tomography image segmentation and volumetric calculation using a tablet computer and stylus pen.

Purpose: This study presents a MATrix LABoratory (MATLAB)-based methodology for calculating intracranial volumes from head computed tomography (CT) data and compares it with established methods.

Methods: Regions of interest (ROI) were manually segmented on CT images using a stylus pen, facilitated by mirroring a computer desktop onto a tablet. The volumetric process involved three main steps: (1) calculating the volume of a single voxel, (2) counting the total number of voxels within the segmented ROI, and (3) multiplying this voxel count by the single-voxel volume.

Comprehensive assessment of supratentorial and infratentorial volumes in infants with myelomeningocele with and without Chiari malformation type II.

Purpose: Chiari malformation type II (CM-II) is a congenital anomaly commonly associated with myelomeningocele (MMC), a severe form of open spina dysraphism. This study aimed to evaluate both supratentorial and infratentorial volumes in MMC infants with and without CM-II.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of 52 MMC infants treated between April 2006 and July 2023.

Intracranial volumetric evaluation in postnatally repaired myelomeningocele infants.

Introduction: Most myelomeningocele (MMC) cases present with ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus, yet a comprehensive volumetric assessment of MMC intracranial structures is lacking. This study aimed to provide baseline data on intracranial structural volumes immediately after birth in MMC infants who underwent repair surgeries after birth (postnatal repair).

Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, we analyzed 52 MMC infants undergoing postnatal repair, utilizing head computed tomography scans at birth for volumetric assessment.

Red-Light-Promoted Radical Cascade Reaction to Access Tetralins and Dialins Enabled by Zinc(II)porphyrin, A Light-Flexible Catalyst.

[5,15-Bis(pentafluorophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphinato]zinc(II) (), a metalloporphyrin derivative that was recently reported as an efficient photocatalyst driven by blue LEDs by our group, was found to catalyze a red-light-promoted (630 nm LEDs) radical cascade reaction of -3-arylpropionyloxyphthalimides with radicophiles including electron-deficient alkenes and alkynes, providing access to a range of functionalized tetralin and dialin derivatives. The radical cascade reaction catalyzed by took place via an oxidative quenching cycle in DMSO, where no sacrificial electron donor was required, uncovering a unique solvent effect capable of promoting the porphyrin catalysis.

Growth patterns and ratios of posterior cranial fossa structures in the Japanese pediatric population: a study utilizing CT scans.

Purpose: The changes in the proportion of posterior cranial fossa structures during pediatric development remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the growth patterns and ratios of these structures using CT scans.

Methods: Head CT scans of pediatric patients with minor head trauma from Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital between March 2006 and May 2023 were analyzed.