Anatomical study of paratenons and fascia lata connections in the posteromedial knee region.

Introduction: In the last decade, fascia research increased significantly in various aspects such as anatomical and biomechanical features related to epimuscular force transmission.

Methods: The present anatomic study focuses on macroscopic observations of the potential gracilis and semitendinosus paratenons, as well as fascial surroundings connections in the posteromedial knee region on 17 lower-limbs dissections.

Results: The gracilis and semitendinosus expansions and paratenons were observed in all specimen and further connections with the fascia lata and crural fascia were demonstrated.

Gracilis and semitendinosus moment arm decreased by fascial tissue release after hamstring harvesting surgery: a key parameter to understand the peak torque obtained to a shallow angle of the knee.

Purpose: Semitendinosus and gracilis muscles whose tendons are used in surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament maintain their contractile ability, but the peak torque angle of hamstring muscles shifted to a shallow angle postoperatively. The goal was to quantify the influence of the myofascial structures on instantaneous moment arms of knee muscles to attempt explaining the above-mentioned post-surgical observations.

Methods: Hamstring harvesting procedures were performed by a senior orthopaedic surgeon on seven lower limbs from fresh-frozen specimens.

The biomechanical role of the lacertus fibrosus of the biceps brachii Muscle.

Purpose: The lacertus fibrosus (LF) is involved in various surgeries. However, the biomechanical contribution of the LF remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the lacertus fibrosus on the elbow and forearm kinematics and on the biceps brachii muscle lever arms.

Morphometric analysis of the costal facet of the thoracic vertebrae.

Various studies have examined morphometric features of the vertebrae to understand the functional aspects of the spine. Geometric analysis of vertebral zygapophyseal facets has also been related to functional and clinical aspects of the spine, but no quantitative investigation of the costotransverse joint facet is found in the literature. The costal facet geometry may partly determine the mechanical interaction between the rib cage and spine for trunk stabilization during functional tasks and during breathing.

Tendon and fascial structure contributions to knee muscle excursions and knee joint displacement.

Background: Semitendinosus and gracilis muscles whose tendons are used in surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament maintain their contractile ability, and a limited decrease of hamstring muscles force is observed postoperatively despite important changes. The goal was to quantify the influence of the myofascial structures on excursions and moment arms of knee muscles to attempt explaining the above-mentioned post-surgical observations.

Methods: Hamstring harvesting procedures were performed by a senior orthopaedic surgeon on seven lower limbs from fresh-frozen specimens.