Nilvadipine in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: This study reports the findings of the first large-scale Phase III investigator-driven clinical trial to slow the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease with a dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blocker, nilvadipine. Nilvadipine, licensed to treat hypertension, reduces amyloid production, increases regional cerebral blood flow, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-tau activity in preclinical studies, properties that could have disease-modifying effects for Alzheimer disease. We aimed to determine if nilvadipine was effective in slowing cognitive decline in subjects with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease.

[Cerebral vasculitis secondary to Varicella-Zoster virus infection].

Introduction: Central nervous system infection by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can be responsible for myelitis, meningitis, ventriculitis and large and small-vessels encephalitis.

Case Report: We report the case of a 57-year-old-man hospitalized for deteriorating general health. Physical examination revealed likely encephalitis associated with headache without meningeal syndrome.

[Carcinomatous meningitis presenting with isolated headache].

Introduction: Carcinomatous meningitis reveals a solid cancer in 10 percent of cases.

Observation: Our patient developed isolated headache which progressively worsened. Cranial Computerized Tomography (CT) was normal.

Treatment of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis by cyclophosphamide: a cohort study of 490 patients.

There are no generally effective disease-modifying drugs for progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Some MS centres use cyclophosphamide (CYC) in secondary progressive (SP) forms of MS, especially after interferon beta-1b (INFbeta-1b) treatment failure. Moreover, there are currently no approved drugs for primary progressive (PP) MS.

[Treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis with cyclophosphamide].

Intravenous (IV) cyclophosphamide is currently used in secondary progressive (SP) and Primary progressive (PP) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) but its efficacy remains uncertain. Furthermore, it is necessary to determine which MS should be successfully treated with IV cyclophosphamide. We retrospectively investigated 111 consecutive patients with progressive MS (21 PPMS and 90 SPMS) treated in an open label fashion with IV cyclophosphamide.