Publications by authors named "O R Ilkayeva"
Objective: To characterize early physiologic stresses imposed by surgery by applying metabolomic analyses to deeply phenotype pre- and postoperative plasma and urine of patients undergoing elective surgical procedures.
Background: Patients experience perioperative stress through depletion of metabolic fuels. Bowel stasis or injury might allow more microbiome-derived uremic toxins to enter the blood, while the liver and kidney are simultaneously clearing analgesic and anesthetic drugs.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how SGLT2 inhibitors, particularly dapagliflozin, affect metabolism in patients with heart failure (HF) differing by ejection fraction (EF), focusing on ketone and fatty acid changes.
- It analyzed data from two trials involving 527 participants, using metabolomic profiling to identify the effects of dapagliflozin on various metabolites over 12 weeks.
- The findings revealed that dapagliflozin increased certain metabolites associated with ketosis and acylcarnitines but had less effect on amino acids, showing varying impacts depending on the patient's left ventricular ejection fraction.
Article Synopsis
- The human IRGM gene is associated with inflammatory conditions like sepsis and Crohn's disease, where decreased expression can lead to increased inflammatory markers in the body.
- Prior research showed that changes in metabolism and mitochondrial functions are linked to increased inflammatory responses, but the exact mechanisms were unclear.
- New findings revealed that type I interferon (IFN) production in macrophages is crucial for heightened cytokine levels due to IRGM deficiency, and novel pathways affecting mitochondrial function contribute to this inflammatory response.
Article Synopsis
- ChREBP is a key transcription factor that regulates genes involved in glucose, fructose, and lipid metabolism when carbohydrates are consumed, but its broader roles in metabolism need more research.* -
- In a study using liver-specific gene silencing in rats on a high-fat/sugar diet, suppressing ChREBP resulted in lower short-chain acyl CoA metabolites and decreased free CoA levels, affecting various metabolic enzyme expressions.* -
- Despite ChREBP knockdown enhancing fatty acid oxidation enzymes, the accumulation of liver acylcarnitines and ketones suggested a shift in metabolite processing, alongside maintained pyruvate levels due to increased transporter expression.*
Background: Although sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) improve heart failure (HF)-related symptoms and outcomes in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In HF with reduced EF, dapagliflozin altered ketone and fatty acid metabolites vs placebo; however, metabolite signatures of SGLT2is have not been well elucidated in HFpEF.
Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess whether SGLT2i treatment altered systemic metabolic pathways and their relationship to outcomes in HFpEF.