[Evaluation of the state of the gene pool of natural populations of vertebrate animals inhabiting the fragmented landscape of Moscow and Moscow district (with special reference to brown frogs)].

A system of urban ecological genetic monitoring has been developed for the first time in Russia and in the world. As a model, two species of brown frogs, Rana arvalis Nilss. and R.

[Estimating the gene pool condition in natural populations of invertebrates in the fragmented landscape of Moscow and Moscow district with special reference to shrub snail Bradybaena fruticum Müll].

Using shrub snail Bradybaena fruticum Müll (20 populations) as a model, we were the first in Russia and in the world to develop a system of urban ecological genetic monitoring of the gene pool of an invertebrate species. The results of isozyme polymorphism studies in shrub snail populations showed a dramatic (up to 70%) reduction in genetic diversity in small isolates from the urbanized environment as compared to large natural populations. In urban populations, genetic diversity parameters were demonstrated to be lower than in natural ones: the mean heterozygosity per locus was reduced up to 0.