Surgical Management of Deep Brain Stimulator Infection without Electrode Removal: Report of Two Cases.

 Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus by implanted electrodes (deep brain stimulation [DBS]) is performed to suppress symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, postoperative wound dehiscence and infection can require removal of the implanted electrode leads. This report describes treatment of intractable unilateral wound infection in two patients without removing the DBS device.

[The current situation and agendas in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in Vietnam].

Objectives　In Vietnam, the number of patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has been increasing in recent years in association with the country's remarkable economic growth and corresponding changes in its population's lifestyle. The purposes of this research were to identify the challenges in the prevention and control of NCDs in Vietnam and to discuss countermeasures for NCDs in Vietnam and Japan.Methods　As a 2015 Regional Public Health Overall Promotion Project, an investigation team consisting of 11 public health physicians visited Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, and its vicinities from January 11, 2016 to January 15, 2016.

Inversion of self-diffusion anisotropy by chemical substitution in smectic A liquid crystals as evidenced by PGSE experiment combined with a quadrupole-coil rotation.

A technique of pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR combined with a quadrupole-coil rotation was applied to the study of anisotropic self-diffusion in smectic A liquid crystals. Diffusion anisotropy was found to be inverted by chemical substitution of the terminal groups in homologous compounds: Namely, the diffusion across the layer is faster for the cyano compound, whereas the diffusion within the layer is faster for the trifluoromethoxy compound.

Conformations and orientations of aromatic amino acid residues of tachyplesin I in phospholipid membranes.

Tachyplesin I, an antibacterial and antiviral heptadecapeptide from the hemocyte debris of Tachypleus tridentatus, contains four aromatic amino acids (Trp2, Phe4, Tyr8, and Tyr13) which have been shown to be crucial for activity. In order to investigate conformations and orientations of the aromatic amino acid residues of tachyplesin I in lipid bilayers, its analogs, [Phe8]- and/or [Phe13]-tachyplesin(s) I in which Tyr8 and Tyr13 are replaced by Phe, were synthesized. Circular dichroism spectral studies showed that three peptides are considerably different in conformation in aqueous solution at pH 8.

New PFG NMR Spectrometer with a Rotatable Quadrupole Coil for the Measurement of an Anisotropic Self-Diffusion Coefficient Tensor.

A new pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo NMR spectrometer is reported which is specially designed for the measurement of slow and anisotropic self-diffusion by providing an intense and homogeneous field gradient of 12 T m-1 by a quadrupole coil and a high-quality current stabilizer, and also providing a mechanism by which both the sample cell and the quadrupole coil are rotated from the axis of the external field. Diffusion anisotropy is measured by a combination of coil rotation and magic-angle orientation of the sample. The theoretical basis for the method of measuring diffusion anisotropy, instrumentation details, and several sets of test data are given.