Efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of lumbosacral intrathecal 2% procaine and 2% xylazine with or without sedation in calves undergoing umbilical surgery.

To compare the effects of intrathecal anaesthesia using procaine and xylazine, with and without sedation with I/V xylazine and butorphanol, on sedation and cardiorespiratory measures in calves undergoing umbilical surgery. Male dairy calves, aged <3 months, were recruited that had enlargement of the umbilical stalk which was abnormal when palpated. They were assigned to receive either intrathecal injection between the sixth lumbar and first sacral vertebrae of 4 mg/kg of 2% procaine and 0.

Laparoscopic Evaluation of Umbilical Disorders in Calves.

Objective: To describe a laparoscopic technique for evaluating umbilical disorders in calves, including feasibility, visualization of umbilical structures, and related complications.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: Male calves (15 Holstein, 2 Montbeliard) with umbilical disorders (n=17).

Comparison of intramuscular alfaxalone and ketamine combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration in cats.

Objectives Cardiorespiratory parameters and anaesthesia quality in cats anaesthetised with either intramuscular (IM) alfaxalone or ketamine both combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration were evaluated. Methods Thirty-two client-owned cats were randomly assigned to receive either alfaxalone (A; 3 mg/kg IM) or ketamine (K; 5 mg/kg IM), combined with dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg).