Comprehensive peripheral blood immunoprofiling reveals five immunotypes with immunotherapy response characteristics in patients with cancer.

The lack of comprehensive diagnostics and consensus analytical models for evaluating the status of a patient's immune system has hindered a wider adoption of immunoprofiling for treatment monitoring and response prediction in cancer patients. To address this unmet need, we developed an immunoprofiling platform that uses multiparameter flow cytometry to characterize immune cell heterogeneity in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with advanced cancers. Using unsupervised clustering, we identified five immunotypes with unique distributions of different cell types and gene expression profiles.

Hemolytic Activity and Cytotoxicity of Synthetic Nanoclays with Montmorillonite Structure for Medical Applications.

The factors influencing the appearance of toxicity in samples of synthetic montmorillonite with a systematically changing chemical composition Na(Al, Mg)SiO(OH) nHO, which are potentially important for their use in medicine as drug carriers, targeted drug delivery systems, entero- and hemosorbents have been studied. Samples synthesized under hydrothermal conditions had the morphology of nanolayers self-organized into the nanosponge structures. The effect of the aluminum content, particle sizes, porosity, and ζ-potential of the samples on their toxicity was studied.

Particles Morphology Impact on Cytotoxicity, Hemolytic Activity and Sorption Properties of Porous Aluminosilicates of Kaolinite Group.

A comparative study of the properties of aluminosilicates of the kaolinite (AlSiO(OH)∙nHO) group with different particles morphology has been carried out. Under conditions of directed hydrothermal synthesis, kaolinite nanoparticles with spherical, sponge, and platy morphologies were obtained. Raw nanotubular halloysite was used as particles with tubular morphology.

Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized With Antimicrobial Polypeptides: Benefits and Possible Pitfalls of a Novel Anti-infective Tool.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and antimicrobial peptides or proteins (AMPs/APs) are both considered as promising platforms for the development of novel therapeutic agents effective against the growing number of drug-resistant pathogens. The observed synergy of their antibacterial activity suggested the prospect of introducing antimicrobial peptides or small antimicrobial proteins into the gelatinized coating of AgNPs. Conjugates with protegrin-1, indolicidin, protamine, histones, and lysozyme were comparatively tested for their antibacterial properties and compared with unconjugated nanoparticles and antimicrobial polypeptides alone.

Aluminosilicate Nanosponges: Synthesis, Properties, and Application Prospects.

A simple one-step method is presented for fabricating inorganic nanosponges with a kaolinite [AlSiO(OH)] structure. The nanosponges were synthesized by the hydrothermal treatment of aluminosilicate gels in an acidic medium (pH = 2.6) at 220 °C without using organic cross-linking agents, such as cyclodextrin or polymers.