Alkaline phosphatase treatment improves renal function in severe sepsis or septic shock patients.

Objective: Alkaline phosphatase (AP) attenuates inflammatory responses by lipopolysaccharide detoxification and may prevent organ damage during sepsis. To investigate the effect of AP in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock on acute kidney injury.

Design And Setting: A multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase IIa study (2:1 ratio).

Interphase cytogenetics on paraffin sections of malignant pleural mesothelioma. A comparison to conventional karyotyping and flow cytometric studies.

We performed in situ hybridization (ISH) studies of malignant pleural mesotheliomas to detect numerical aberrations of chromosomes 1 and 7 in interphase nuclei of paraffin sections of 13 cases that had been analyzed previously by conventional karyotyping and flow cytometry. The hybridizations were performed with the biotin-labeled probes recognizing repetitive DNA sequences in the (peri)centromeric regions of chromosomes 1 (1q12) and 7(7cen). Application of histologic sections allowed us to analyze the tumor cells only.

In situ detection of supernumerary aberrations of chromosome-specific repetitive DNA targets in interphase nuclei in human melanoma cell lines and tissue sections.

The use of non-radioactive in situ hybridization (ISH) with chromosome-specific repetitive DNA probes to study genomic changes, aneuploidy, and heterogeneity during melanocytic tumor progression, relies on its applicability to non-mitotic interphase nuclei, present in cell suspensions and tissue sections. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of detecting numerical aberrations with respect to the (peri-) centromere regions of chromosomes 1 and 7 in intact nuclei of two human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic behavior in nude mice. In addition, we used paraffin sections from xenograft lesions, obtained by inoculation of these cell lines in nude mice (subcutaneous tumors and spontaneous lung metastases).

Interphase cytogenetics of hematological cancer: comparison of classical karyotyping and in situ hybridization using a panel of eleven chromosome specific DNA probes.

Numerical chromosome aberrations were detected in hematological cancers by nonradioactive in situ hybridization (ISH) procedures, using centromere specific probes for chromosomes 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, X, and Y. All 15 cases could be evaluated by ISH for these 11 probes. Our experiments show that in seven of these randomly selected leukemia bone marrow cell suspensions numerical aberrations for one or two chromosomes could be detected by this method.

Numerical chromosome 1, 7, 9, and 11 aberrations in bladder cancer detected by in situ hybridization.

Forty transitional cell carcinomas of the human urinary bladder (TCCs) were examined for numerical aberrations of chromosomes 1, 7, 9, and 11 by in situ hybridization using chromosome-specific probes. Our interphase cytogenetic study of 24 low-grade, noninvasive TCCs, which were near-diploid by flow cytometry, showed a numerical aberration for at least 1 of these chromosomes in 14 of these cases. Most strikingly, a monosomy for chromosome 9 was found in 9 of 24 low-grade TCCs.