Resurrection of the earthworm species Dendrobaena fedtschenkoi (Michaelsen, 1900), a former synonym of Dendrobaena byblica (Rosa, 1893) (Clitellata: Megadrili).

Dendrobaena byblica (Rosa, 1893) is a Circum-Mediterranean earthworm species complex containing more than a dozen synonymous names. From these, only two species have been resurrected so far, D. ganglbaueri (Rosa, 1894) and Fitzingeria annectens (Rosa, 1895).

Accuracy, limitations and cost efficiency of eDNA-based community survey in tropical frogs.

Rapid environmental change in highly biodiverse tropical regions demands efficient biomonitoring programmes. While existing metrics of species diversity and community composition rely on encounter-based survey data, eDNA recently emerged as alternative approach. Costs and ecological value of eDNA-based methods have rarely been evaluated in tropical regions, where high species richness is accompanied by high functional diversity (e.

Proper experimental design requires randomization/balancing of molecular ecology experiments.

Properly designed (randomized and/or balanced) experiments are standard in ecological research. Molecular methods are increasingly used in ecology, but studies generally do not report the detailed design of sample processing in the laboratory. This may strongly influence the interpretability of results if the laboratory procedures do not account for the confounding effects of unexpected laboratory events.

Surveying Europe's Only Cave-Dwelling Chordate Species (Proteus anguinus) Using Environmental DNA.

In surveillance of subterranean fauna, especially in the case of rare or elusive aquatic species, traditional techniques used for epigean species are often not feasible. We developed a non-invasive survey method based on environmental DNA (eDNA) to detect the presence of the red-listed cave-dwelling amphibian, Proteus anguinus, in the caves of the Dinaric Karst. We tested the method in fifteen caves in Croatia, from which the species was previously recorded or expected to occur.

The rate of training response to aerobic exercise affects brain function of rats.

There is an increasing volume of data connecting capacity to respond to exercise training with quality of life and aging. In this study, we used a rat model in which animals were selectively bred for low and high gain in running distance to test t whether genetic segregation for trainability is associated with brain function and signaling processes in the hippocampus. Rats selected for low response (LRT) and high response training (HRT) were randomly divided into control or exercise group that trained five times a week for 30 min per day for three months at 70% VO2max.