Effect of human umbilical cord blood derived CD34 hematopoietic stem cell on the expression of Wnt4 and P53 genes in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aim Of The Work: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver malignancy. Chronic liver injuries as chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B viruses, aflatoxins consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are well-established causes of HCC. HCC is associated with a series of molecular changes, as alternation in glypican-3, P53 expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Serum levels of bcl-2 and cellular oxidative stress in patients with viral hepatitis.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the presence of bcl-2 protein in the serum of patients with viral hepatitis and to find out if there is any correlation between bcl-2 protein levels and cellular oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis.

Methods: This study was carried out on 130 patients with viral hepatitis, 70 with chronic hepatitis, 30 with liver cirrhosis and 30 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in addition to 20 healthy persons as the control. Serum bcl-2 protein was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes (GSH, GSH-px, GR and SOD) were measured using spectrophotometric analysis.

Segmental motor and sensory innervation of muscles in anterior leg compartment as revealed by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing technique was used to label and localize motor and sensory neurons innervating tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus muscles of the anterior leg compartment of the rat. The tibialis anterior sensory neurons were located in the ipsilateral L4 and L5 spinal ganglia. Cells of origin of tibialis anterior motor endings were also found in the ipsilateral ventral horn of the same cord segments as the labeled sensory ganglia.