Does Iso-mechanical Power Lead to Iso-lung Damage?: An Experimental Study in a Porcine Model.

Background: Excessive tidal volume, respiratory rate, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) are all potential causes of ventilator-induced lung injury, and all contribute to a single variable: the mechanical power. The authors aimed to determine whether high tidal volume or high respiratory rate or high PEEP at iso-mechanical power produce similar or different ventilator-induced lung injury.

Methods: Three ventilatory strategies-high tidal volume (twice baseline functional residual capacity), high respiratory rate (40 bpm), and high PEEP (25 cm H2O)-were each applied at two levels of mechanical power (15 and 30 J/min) for 48 h in six groups of seven healthy female piglets (weight: 24.

Lung stress and strain during mechanical ventilation: any difference between statics and dynamics?

Objective: Tidal volume (VT) and volume of gas caused by positive end-expiratory pressure (VPEEP) generate dynamic and static lung strains, respectively. Our aim was to clarify whether different combinations of dynamic and static strains, resulting in the same large global strain, constantly produce lung edema.

Design: Laboratory investigation.

Lung stress and strain during mechanical ventilation: any safe threshold?

Rationale: Unphysiologic strain (the ratio between tidal volume and functional residual capacity) and stress (the transpulmonary pressure) can cause ventilator-induced lung damage.

Objectives: To identify a strain-stress threshold (if any) above which ventilator-induced lung damage can occur.

Methods: Twenty-nine healthy pigs were mechanically ventilated for 54 hours with a tidal volume producing a strain between 0.

Differential cytokine pattern in the spleens and livers of BALB/c mice infected with Penicillium marneffei: protective role of gamma interferon.

Penicillium marneffei is an intracellular opportunistic fungus causing invasive mycosis in AIDS patients. T cells and macrophages are important for protection in vivo. However, the role of T-cell cytokines in the immune response against P.

HSP70 is selectively over-expressed in the blast cells of the germinal centres and paracortex in reactive lymph nodes.

Aims: We evaluated by immunohistochemistry HSP70 expression in reactive lymph nodes since its morphological expression and location have not been previously described and correlated with lymphocyte kinetics.

Methods And Results: Ninety-six cases of non-specific lymphadenitis were immunostained for HSP70, CD20, CD3, Ki67, Bcl-2, CD21. The type and the location of HSP70-positive cells were determined.