The characterization of a black light device: a hazard evaluation process.

The results of an occupational hazard evaluation process to assess the potential ultraviolet radiation exposure from broad-band sources of optical radiation are compared with the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) guidelines for occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation. A black light fluorescent lamp device, evaluated according to these criteria, exceeded the ACGIH-TLV for UVA and UVB. Design modifications resulted in acceptable occupational exposure levels without compromising the performance of the device.

An evaluation of optical radiation emissions from dental visible photopolymerization devices.

Five devices were tested for the amount of optical radiation they emitted. Recommended values can be exceeded with a workload of 17 to 81 applications in any 167-minute period. Some procedures, such as close viewing distances, direct view applications, and treating the anterior teeth may increase the exposure to the user.

Ocular complications of malfunctioning mercury vapor lamps.

We report an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis and skin erythema caused by ultraviolet radiation from a damaged high-intensity mercury vapor lamp. Twenty-six persons became ill after using a basketball court; symptoms included conjunctivitis (100%), skin erythema (54%), and punctate keratitis (19%). This outbreak is one of 37 similar episodes involving at least 629 persons reported to the Food and Drug Administration since 1969.