To Be (Vaccinated) or Not to Be: The Effect of Media Exposure, Institutional Trust, and Incentives on Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccination.

The COVID-19 vaccine has become a strategic vehicle for reducing the spread of the pandemic. However, the uptake of the vaccine by the public is more complicated than simply making it available. Based on social learning theory, this study examines the role of communication sources and institutional trust as barriers and incentives as motivators of people's attitudes toward vaccination and actual vaccination.

Pregnancy worsens the morbidity of COVID-19 and this effect becomes more prominent as pregnancy advances.

Objective: To investigate pregnancy outcomes and compare the clinical characteristics of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease in pregnant and agematched non-pregnant women.

Materials And Methods: Hospital records of four tertiary care centers were reviewed retrospectively. The subjects comprised 188 pregnant patients and 799 non-pregnant women who were admitted to these hospitals.

Quantification of the extracellular matrix of the Listeria monocytogenes biofilms of different phylogenic lineages with optimization of culture conditions.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to quantify the extracellular matrix of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm. A preliminary study was carried out to establish a relationship between phylogenetic lineage of 27 strains and their ability to form biofilm in various conditions.

Methods And Results: Biofilm formation on microtitre plates of 27 strains of L.

Differentiation of fresh and frozen/thawed fish, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), cod (Gadus morhua) and salmon (Salmo salar), using volatile compounds by SPME/GC/MS.

Background: A simple method based on solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/GC/MS) was applied for studying the volatile profiles of whole fish samples of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and fillets of cod (Gadus morhua) and salmon (Salmo salar) during frozen storage in order to be able to differentiate a fresh product from one that has been frozen. Analysis of volatile compounds was performed on these two product types, fresh and after freezing/thawing following storage at - 20 °C for 30 and 90 days.

Results: More than a hundred volatile compounds were found by SPME/GC/MS.

Freshness characterisation of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) using an SPME/GC/MS method and a statistical multivariate approach.

Background: The freshness of whiting was studied at five stages of ice storage by comparing the analysis of volatile compounds obtained through solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/GC/MS) with two sensory methods.

Results: Of the volatile compounds identified, 38 were analysed using a statistical multivariate approach and classified according to their role in the estimation of freshness during storage as markers of freshness or spoilage. Regarding the evolution of the presence or absence of individual compounds, three categories were defined.