Small-intestinal TG2-specific plasma cells at different stages of coeliac disease.

Background: In coeliac disease, ingestion of gluten induces the production of transglutaminase 2 (TG2)-targeted autoantibodies by TG2-specific plasma cells present at high frequency in the small intestinal mucosa in untreated disease. During treatment with a gluten-free diet (GFD), the number of these cells decreases considerably. It has not been previously investigated whether the cells are also present prior to development of villous atrophy, or in non-responsive patients and those with dietary lapses.

Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by abstract regularity violations in two concurrent auditory streams.

The study investigated whether violations of abstract regularities in two parallel auditory stimulus streams can elicit the MMN (mismatch negativity) event-related potential. Tone pairs from a low (220-392 Hz) and a high (1319-2349 Hz) stream were delivered in an alternating order either at a fast or a slow pace. With the slow pace, the pairs were perceptually heard as a single stream obeying an alternating low pair-high pair pattern, whereas with the fast pace, an experience of two separate auditory streams, low and high, emerged.

Associations of coeliac disease with coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Clinical experience suggests that atherosclerotic disease is common in individuals with coeliac disease, but epidemiological studies have had contradicting findings. To summarise the currently available evidence, we systematically reviewed and analysed observational studies of the association of coeliac disease or dermatitis herpetiformis with coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke.

Data Synthesis: We searched for studies comparing CHD or stroke outcomes with individuals with and without coeliac disease or dermatitis herpetiformis.

Injection of celiac disease patient sera or immunoglobulins to mice reproduces a condition mimicking early developing celiac disease.

Unlabelled: Typical features of celiac disease are small-bowel villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and inflammation which develop gradually concomitant with ingestion of gluten. In addition, patients have anti-transglutaminase 2 (TG2) autoantibodies in their serum and tissues. The aim of this study was to establish whether celiac disease can be passively transferred to mice by serum or immunoglobulins.

Impaired epithelial integrity in the duodenal mucosa in early stages of celiac disease.

The small-bowel mucosal damage characteristic of celiac disease (CD) develops from normal villus morphology to inflammation and finally to villus atrophy with crypt hyperplasia. Patients with early stage CD may already suffer from abdominal symptoms before the development of villus atrophy. Although epithelial junctional integrity is compromised in overt disease, the appearance of such changes in early phases of the disorder is not known.